Comitative case (abbreviated as COM) is the grammatical case that denotes accompaniment. In Nûrlâm it is marked with postposition “-sha” for both declension classes, which can be translated into English as preposition “together with” or just “with”. Comitative case changes the role of nouns and pronouns into adverbial. Typical applications include:

• to mark companion of an action: “Sauron conquered Gondor (together) with Saruman”;
• to mark two patients of an action: “Put Uglûk together with stinking Saruman-filth into the dung-pit” (see also orcish curse);
• with certain verbs, usually concerning speech: “he talks with orcs”; but “Tagashnuz urukûr zamash …” (Dative case) = “he told (to) orcs that …”;
• invitation to do an action together: “Go with me”, “sing with us”

Comitative case may be confused with Instrumental case, as both of them may be translated with English preposition “with”. The difference is that either word “together” or presence of companion or emotion is implied in Comitative case, while Instrumental case means “with use of”, “using”. Compare: “He speaks with fear in his voice” (COM) vs. “He speaks with flattery” (INS) vs. “He talks with elves” (COM) vs. “He talks with his mouth” (INS).