Wordlist: Hand actions

This page will contain list of words for various actions done with hands, including movement of other objects. However some words related to possession and ownership are listed in separate page.

English	Nûrlâm	Part of speech	Etymology	Comments
	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
abandon	hôgh-	v	NL < Quenya “hehta”, Telerin “hecta” < root “HEK” (aside, apart, separate); compare with “hîg-”
accept	bhûl-	v	LOS	more about thoughts than material objects
accessible	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
adhere	hinb-	v	NL < Quenya “him” (to adhere), “himba” (sticking, adhering) < Etym. “KHIM”	use with objects in Allative case; passive voice modifies the meaning to “stick by”
arm	bazg	n	SV (hand, arm)
arm (of chair)	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
arrange	gaith-	v	NL, merging LOS “urgai-” < SV with Noldorin “gartha” (to set, put in position, appoint) and Quenya “caita” (to lay smth.) < Etym. “KAY”
arrange	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
arrest	mraf-	v	NL < merging Quenya “arpo” (seizer, thief), Middle Quenya “raf-” (snatch, seize) < Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (to seize, grab, snatch) with Middle Quenya “mapa” (to grasp, seize), Qenya “(a)mapta” (to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly) < Primitive Elvish “MAP”, “MAPA”, “NAPA” (to lay hold of with hand, seize)	to seize and carry off person forcibly похищать, уносить людей против их воли
assembly	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
at fingertips	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
back up	kôb-	v	NL, merging HG “kûb-” (to keep, store) with Sindarin “heb-” (to keep) < root “KHEP” (to retain, keep)
bail (of bucket)	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
bandage	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
batter	pûlp-	v	NL < LOS (to beat), probably from Quenya “palpa” (to beat, batter) < Etym. “PALAP”; see also “plup-”	to beat repeatedly
bear	kol-	v	LOS (to carry) < Quenya “col-” (to bear, carry, wear)	carry the object, wear a cloth, endure some trouble
bear (smth.)	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
beat	bump-	v	HG < LOS “bum” < MB	mostly about sound
beat	drîg-	v	NL < Noldorin “dringa” (to beat, strike) < Etym. “DRING”, e.g. in sword name “Glamdring” aka “Foe-hammer”, called “Beater” by goblins; see also “drang”
beat	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
beat	plup-	v	NL < Noldorin “blâb” < Etym. “PALAP”; see also “pûlp-”	about wings, flag, etc. обычно возвратный глагол
beat	pûlp-	v	NL < LOS (to beat), probably from Quenya “palpa” (to beat, batter) < Etym. “PALAP”; see also “plup-”	to beat repeatedly
beat (heavily)	dramp-	v	Noldorin “dram” (heavy stroke, heavy blow), “drafn” (hewn log) < Etym. “DARÁM” (beat, hew, batter, thud)
bestow	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
bind	krimp-	v	TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; ? Quenya “remba” (to net, entrap)
bring	thrag-	v	NL < TK “thrak” (bring by force, hale, drag) + Noldorin “tog-” (to bring) < Etym. “TUK” (to bring, draw)
bring (by force)	thrak-	v	TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Etym. “TUK-” (bring, draw); Hurrian “thar-ik-” (to demand someone to send something)
build	tumb-	v	NL < Qenya “tump” (to build, beat) + Noldorin “adab” (to build)
carry	kol-	v	LOS (to carry) < Quenya “col-” (to bear, carry, wear)	carry the object, wear a cloth, endure some trouble
carry	thrag-	v	NL < TK “thrak” (bring by force, hale, drag) + Noldorin “tog-” (to bring) < Etym. “TUK” (to bring, draw)
cast	af-	v	LOS
catch	ats-	v	LOS < Quenya “atsa” (n) (hook, claw, catch) < Etym. “GAT”
choke (smb. else)	strakh-	v	SV, HG	transitive
choose	gobh-	v	NL, merging HG “gaush-” < MERP (finger) < Albanian with EH “gorb-” < Etym. “KIL” and with Primitive Elvish roots “KYAW” (choose, select) and “KYAB” (taste)
clap	thlakh-	v	NL < Noldorin “tlach(a)” (clap, clash, clatter)
classify	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
claw at	khlaf-	v	NL < Gnomish “clamfa” < Etym. “GAP”?
clean	thig-	v	NL < LOS “thag-” < SV, MERP < Albanian “thaj” (to dry); changed to avoid ambiguity with HORN (“ten”) and DS (“more”) and get rid of Albanian cognate; compare with Gnomish “thisc” (adj), “thista-”, “suitha-” (v); see also “thizg”	clean dry
clean	yol-	v	NL < Sindarin “iôl”	clean with water
cleave	grish-	v	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “KIRIS”, “RIS” (cut), compare with Sindarin “criss”
cleave (to)	hinb-	v	NL < Quenya “him” (to adhere), “himba” (sticking, adhering) < Etym. “KHIM”	use with objects in Allative case; passive voice modifies the meaning to “stick by”
cling (on, to)	hinb-	v	NL < Quenya “him” (to adhere), “himba” (sticking, adhering) < Etym. “KHIM”	use with objects in Allative case; passive voice modifies the meaning to “stick by”
cloak	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
close at hand	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
coil	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
collect	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
construct	tumb-	v	NL < Qenya “tump” (to build, beat) + Noldorin “adab” (to build)
crack	grish-	v	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “KIRIS”, “RIS” (cut), compare with Sindarin “criss”
crank	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
crush	sud-	v	HG, probably from SV “shatûp” (to crush, destroy, shatter) < Albanian “shtyp”	damage with heavy weight to flat or small pieces
cunning	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
cut	ak-	v	LOS < Quenya “ecet” (short stabbing sword)
cut	grish-	v	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “KIRIS”, “RIS” (cut), compare with Sindarin “criss”
damage	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
deceit	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
discard	hôgh-	v	NL < Quenya “hehta”, Telerin “hecta” < root “HEK” (aside, apart, separate); compare with “hîg-”
discover	badz-	v	LOS < HG; probably from Early Quenya “patsima” (wide open, adj.)
dispatch	hîst-	v	LOS; compare with “hîs” (quick)	also “to ship” (e.g. parcel)
disperse	bûsn-	v	SV	to move smth./self onto all directions, over huge area, etc. двигать(ся) в разные стороны, по большой территории и т. п.
drag	sûh-	v	NL < DS (Moria) “sû” < DS (PO) “tugu” < Middle-Quenya “tuk-” (to draw, pull behind)	also about weapon
drag	thrak-	v	TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Etym. “TUK-” (bring, draw); Hurrian “thar-ik-” (to demand someone to send something)
draw	sûh-	v	NL < DS (Moria) “sû” < DS (PO) “tugu” < Middle-Quenya “tuk-” (to draw, pull behind)	also about weapon
duty	bul	n	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. (AC) “(M)BOL”?
ear (of cup)	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
elect	gobh-	v	NL, merging HG “gaush-” < MERP (finger) < Albanian with EH “gorb-” < Etym. “KIL” and with Primitive Elvish roots “KYAW” (choose, select) and “KYAB” (taste)
endow	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
enfold	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
envelop	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
fight	mauk-	v	LOS, probably from Qenya “mahtar” (warrior) < Etym. “MAK” (sword, to fight)	literally, with weapons or fists; opponent of fighting is in Accusative; Comitative case marks people who help fighting
flap	plup-	v	NL < Noldorin “blâb” < Etym. “PALAP”; see also “pûlp-”	about wings, flag, etc. обычно возвратный глагол
flitter	plup-	v	NL < Noldorin “blâb” < Etym. “PALAP”; see also “pûlp-”	about wings, flag, etc. обычно возвратный глагол
focus (circus)	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
furl	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
gambit	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
gather	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
gather	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
gimmick	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
give	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
glide	tât-	v	NL < Noldorin “talt”, Quenya “talta-” (verb) < Etym. “TALAT”
grab	khlaf-	v	NL < Gnomish “clamfa” < Etym. “GAP”?
grab	rop-	v	NL < all major dialects “rok-” (seize, grasp, grip) < MERP melted with Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (seize, grab, snatch) to avoid confusion with HG “rok” < SV “rock” (rag) and get rid of possible Albanian cognate “rrokje”; resemblance with English “to rob” is accidental or through Primitive Elvish
grant	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
grasp	mank-	v	NL < Qenya “makte” (hold, grip), Gnomish “manc” (grip, grasp, hold) (n), “manca” (to grab, seize) < Primitive Elvish “MAHA” (grasp)
grasp	rop-	v	NL < all major dialects “rok-” (seize, grasp, grip) < MERP melted with Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (seize, grab, snatch) to avoid confusion with HG “rok” < SV “rock” (rag) and get rid of possible Albanian cognate “rrokje”; resemblance with English “to rob” is accidental or through Primitive Elvish
grip	mank-	v	NL < Qenya “makte” (hold, grip), Gnomish “manc” (grip, grasp, hold) (n), “manca” (to grab, seize) < Primitive Elvish “MAHA” (grasp)
grip	rop-	v	NL < all major dialects “rok-” (seize, grasp, grip) < MERP melted with Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (seize, grab, snatch) to avoid confusion with HG “rok” < SV “rock” (rag) and get rid of possible Albanian cognate “rrokje”; resemblance with English “to rob” is accidental or through Primitive Elvish
grip	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
group	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
hack	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
hale	thrak-	v	TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Etym. “TUK-” (bring, draw); Hurrian “thar-ik-” (to demand someone to send something)
hand	bazg	n	SV (hand, arm)
hand	nalg	n	SV
hand over	thubazg-	v	NL < “thu-” + SV “bazg-” (to hand over); changed to clarify the meaning
handle	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
handy	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
hang	runk-	v	LOS < MB (“rûng-” ?)
hang (on)	hinb-	v	NL < Quenya “him” (to adhere), “himba” (sticking, adhering) < Etym. “KHIM”	use with objects in Allative case; passive voice modifies the meaning to “stick by”
hew	dramp-	v	Noldorin “dram” (heavy stroke, heavy blow), “drafn” (hewn log) < Etym. “DARÁM” (beat, hew, batter, thud)
hit	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
hit	grush-	v	LOS, SV, MERP
hold	fîth-	v	LOS	also military term
hold	unr-	v	LOS, HG; compare with Gnomish “unc” (handle, ear of a jar)	only literally — in hand
hold (fast)	mank-	v	NL < Qenya “makte” (hold, grip), Gnomish “manc” (grip, grasp, hold) (n), “manca” (to grab, seize) < Primitive Elvish “MAHA” (grasp)
holder	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
hurl	af-	v	LOS
hurt	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
indue	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
inscribe	zarb-	v	NL < Khuzdul “ZRB”
jab	hât-	v	NL < SV, MERP “hashat” (spear) + all DBS dialects “shatîg-” (to press, push, weigh down) < MERP, probably from Albanian “shtyj” or Quenya “sahtië” (pressure, forcing); compare with Noldorin “had” (to hurl), Gnomish “hada” (to throw, aim at), “hant” (throw, cast), “hantha” (to fling, hurl), Quenya “hatal” (spear) < Etym. “KHAT” (to hurl)
job	bul	n	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. (AC) “(M)BOL”?
keep	fîth-	v	LOS	also military term
kidnap	mraf-	v	NL < merging Quenya “arpo” (seizer, thief), Middle Quenya “raf-” (snatch, seize) < Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (to seize, grab, snatch) with Middle Quenya “mapa” (to grasp, seize), Qenya “(a)mapta” (to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly) < Primitive Elvish “MAP”, “MAPA”, “NAPA” (to lay hold of with hand, seize)	to seize and carry off person forcibly похищать, уносить людей против их воли
knob	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
labour	bul	n	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. (AC) “(M)BOL”?
labour	draz	n	NL, merging Gnomish “drab”, Noldorin “drauth” < Primitive Elvish “rapa-” (drag, pull) with Noldorin “tars”, “tass” < Etym. “TARAS” (trouble) and with Etym. “TÁRAG”, Primitive Elvish “targâ-” (tough, stiff, difficult)	with suffix “-urm” becomes “tiredness”, “weariness”; uncountable
lay	gaith-	v	NL, merging LOS “urgai-” < SV with Noldorin “gartha” (to set, put in position, appoint) and Quenya “caita” (to lay smth.) < Etym. “KAY”
lever	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
lift	tulk-	v	LOS < SV	move another object up
lug	sûh-	v	NL < DS (Moria) “sû” < DS (PO) “tugu” < Middle-Quenya “tuk-” (to draw, pull behind)	also about weapon
lug	unral	n	NL < LOS “unr-” (to hold)	ручка двери, инструмента и т. п.
maintain	kôb-	v	NL, merging HG “kûb-” (to keep, store) with Sindarin “heb-” (to keep) < root “KHEP” (to retain, keep)
make choice	gobh-	v	NL, merging HG “gaush-” < MERP (finger) < Albanian with EH “gorb-” < Etym. “KIL” and with Primitive Elvish roots “KYAW” (choose, select) and “KYAB” (taste)
make gift	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
mop (up)	thig-	v	NL < LOS “thag-” < SV, MERP < Albanian “thaj” (to dry); changed to avoid ambiguity with HORN (“ten”) and DS (“more”) and get rid of Albanian cognate; compare with Gnomish “thisc” (adj), “thista-”, “suitha-” (v); see also “thizg”	clean dry
nab	mraf-	v	NL < merging Quenya “arpo” (seizer, thief), Middle Quenya “raf-” (snatch, seize) < Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (to seize, grab, snatch) with Middle Quenya “mapa” (to grasp, seize), Qenya “(a)mapta” (to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly) < Primitive Elvish “MAP”, “MAPA”, “NAPA” (to lay hold of with hand, seize)	to seize and carry off person forcibly похищать, уносить людей против их воли
near at hand	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
nip	rikh-	v	NL < Etym. “RIK(H)” (jerk, sudden move, flirt); compare with Quenya “rinca”, “rihta” (to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch), Noldorin “rhinc” (twitch, jerk, trick, sudden move), “rhintha” (to jerk, twitch, snatch)	quick tricky twisting move
open	badz-	v	LOS < HG; probably from Early Quenya “patsima” (wide open, adj.)
order	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
organize	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
pack	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
palm	nalg	n	SV
pick	gobh-	v	NL, merging HG “gaush-” < MERP (finger) < Albanian with EH “gorb-” < Etym. “KIL” and with Primitive Elvish roots “KYAW” (choose, select) and “KYAB” (taste)
pick (up)	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
pinch	rikh-	v	NL < Etym. “RIK(H)” (jerk, sudden move, flirt); compare with Quenya “rinca”, “rihta” (to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch), Noldorin “rhinc” (twitch, jerk, trick, sudden move), “rhintha” (to jerk, twitch, snatch)	quick tricky twisting move
place	gaith-	v	NL, merging LOS “urgai-” < SV with Noldorin “gartha” (to set, put in position, appoint) and Quenya “caita” (to lay smth.) < Etym. “KAY”
pluck	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
poke	hât-	v	NL < SV, MERP “hashat” (spear) + all DBS dialects “shatîg-” (to press, push, weigh down) < MERP, probably from Albanian “shtyj” or Quenya “sahtië” (pressure, forcing); compare with Noldorin “had” (to hurl), Gnomish “hada” (to throw, aim at), “hant” (throw, cast), “hantha” (to fling, hurl), Quenya “hatal” (spear) < Etym. “KHAT” (to hurl)
pound	sud-	v	HG, probably from SV “shatûp” (to crush, destroy, shatter) < Albanian “shtyp”	damage with heavy weight to flat or small pieces
press	sang-	v	NL < Quenya “sanga” (crowd, press, throng)(n), “sangië” (necessity, pressure, tribulation), Sindarin “thang” (oppression) < Etym. “STA(N)G” (press)
pull	sûh-	v	NL < DS (Moria) “sû” < DS (PO) “tugu” < Middle-Quenya “tuk-” (to draw, pull behind)	also about weapon
punch	grush-	v	LOS, SV, MERP
push	hât-	v	NL < SV, MERP “hashat” (spear) + all DBS dialects “shatîg-” (to press, push, weigh down) < MERP, probably from Albanian “shtyj” or Quenya “sahtië” (pressure, forcing); compare with Noldorin “had” (to hurl), Gnomish “hada” (to throw, aim at), “hant” (throw, cast), “hantha” (to fling, hurl), Quenya “hatal” (spear) < Etym. “KHAT” (to hurl)
put	gaith-	v	NL, merging LOS “urgai-” < SV with Noldorin “gartha” (to set, put in position, appoint) and Quenya “caita” (to lay smth.) < Etym. “KAY”
put off	gaig-	v	NL, merging “gaith-” (to put) with “hôgh-” (discard); see corresponding articles	add perfective ending “-ûk” for meanings “undress”, “strip”
put up	shrakh-	v	all major dialects < SV NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”
quake	girth-	v	NL < merging LOS “gûr-” < SV with Noldorin “giri” (to shudder), “girith” (shuddering, horror) < Etym. “GIR” (quiver, shudder)	can be used both transitive and intransitive
quiver	girth-	v	NL < merging LOS “gûr-” < SV with Noldorin “giri” (to shudder), “girith” (shuddering, horror) < Etym. “GIR” (quiver, shudder)	can be used both transitive and intransitive
raise	tulk-	v	LOS < SV	move another object up
ravish	mraf-	v	NL < merging Quenya “arpo” (seizer, thief), Middle Quenya “raf-” (snatch, seize) < Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (to seize, grab, snatch) with Middle Quenya “mapa” (to grasp, seize), Qenya “(a)mapta” (to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly) < Primitive Elvish “MAP”, “MAPA”, “NAPA” (to lay hold of with hand, seize)	to seize and carry off person forcibly похищать, уносить людей против их воли
reach	bazg-	v	LOS < SV (“hand”. n.)	use with objects in Allative case
reach	bazgurm	n	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	a distance to which a person could touch with their hand; uncountable расстояние, область до которой можно дотянуться рукой
reel	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
reject	hôgh-	v	NL < Quenya “hehta”, Telerin “hecta” < root “HEK” (aside, apart, separate); compare with “hîg-”
remove (clothes)	gaig-	v	NL, merging “gaith-” (to put) with “hôgh-” (discard); see corresponding articles	add perfective ending “-ûk” for meanings “undress”, “strip”
reveal	badz-	v	LOS < HG; probably from Early Quenya “patsima” (wide open, adj.)
revolve	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
rip	khor-	v	HG < LOS “khûr-” < Middle-Quenya “hyar” (to cleave)?
roll	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
rotate	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
rub	krûf-	v	LOS < SV, MB “krûv-” (to rub, polish, file)
ruse	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
scatter	bûsn-	v	SV	to move smth./self onto all directions, over huge area, etc. двигать(ся) в разные стороны, по большой территории и т. п.
scratch	shrip-	v	NL < Etym. “SRIP”
seize	rop-	v	NL < all major dialects “rok-” (seize, grasp, grip) < MERP melted with Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (seize, grab, snatch) to avoid confusion with HG “rok” < SV “rock” (rag) and get rid of possible Albanian cognate “rrokje”; resemblance with English “to rob” is accidental or through Primitive Elvish
select	gobh-	v	NL, merging HG “gaush-” < MERP (finger) < Albanian with EH “gorb-” < Etym. “KIL” and with Primitive Elvish roots “KYAW” (choose, select) and “KYAB” (taste)
send	hîst-	v	LOS; compare with “hîs” (quick)	also “to ship” (e.g. parcel)
set up	gaith-	v	NL, merging LOS “urgai-” < SV with Noldorin “gartha” (to set, put in position, appoint) and Quenya “caita” (to lay smth.) < Etym. “KAY”
sever	khor-	v	HG < LOS “khûr-” < Middle-Quenya “hyar” (to cleave)?
sew (clothes)	hluth-	v	NL < LOS “hlu-” < MB and SV (to stick, knit); changed according to Nûrlâm rules; compare also with LOS “hluth” (flag, banner) and SV “hluthrum” (cloth)
shake	girth-	v	NL < merging LOS “gûr-” < SV with Noldorin “giri” (to shudder), “girith” (shuddering, horror) < Etym. “GIR” (quiver, shudder)	can be used both transitive and intransitive
shroud	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
shudder	girth-	v	NL < merging LOS “gûr-” < SV with Noldorin “giri” (to shudder), “girith” (shuddering, horror) < Etym. “GIR” (quiver, shudder)	can be used both transitive and intransitive
slash	grish-	v	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “KIRIS”, “RIS” (cut), compare with Sindarin “criss”
slice	grish-	v	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “KIRIS”, “RIS” (cut), compare with Sindarin “criss”
slide	tât-	v	NL < Noldorin “talt”, Quenya “talta-” (verb) < Etym. “TALAT”
slip	tât-	v	NL < Noldorin “talt”, Quenya “talta-” (verb) < Etym. “TALAT”
smite	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
snatch	mraf-	v	NL < merging Quenya “arpo” (seizer, thief), Middle Quenya “raf-” (snatch, seize) < Primitive Elvish “RAPH” (to seize, grab, snatch) with Middle Quenya “mapa” (to grasp, seize), Qenya “(a)mapta” (to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly) < Primitive Elvish “MAP”, “MAPA”, “NAPA” (to lay hold of with hand, seize)	to seize and carry off person forcibly похищать, уносить людей против их воли
snatch	rikh-	v	NL < Etym. “RIK(H)” (jerk, sudden move, flirt); compare with Quenya “rinca”, “rihta” (to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch), Noldorin “rhinc” (twitch, jerk, trick, sudden move), “rhintha” (to jerk, twitch, snatch)	quick tricky twisting move
sort	srinkh-	v	LL (to gather) NL suggests fictional proto-word “skrinkht” to connect “shrakh-” and “srinkh-” with Sindarin “critha-” (reap) < Etym. “KIRIK” (gather, collect, reap), Primitive Elvish “k'rikta-”	to get together and sort; to gather in some order
spin	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
spread	bûsn-	v	SV	to move smth./self onto all directions, over huge area, etc. двигать(ся) в разные стороны, по большой территории и т. п.
squeeze	sang-	v	NL < Quenya “sanga” (crowd, press, throng)(n), “sangië” (necessity, pressure, tribulation), Sindarin “thang” (oppression) < Etym. “STA(N)G” (press)
stab	ak-	v	LOS < Quenya “ecet” (short stabbing sword)
stick (to)	hinb-	v	NL < Quenya “him” (to adhere), “himba” (sticking, adhering) < Etym. “KHIM”	use with objects in Allative case; passive voice modifies the meaning to “stick by”
stitch	hluth-	v	NL < LOS “hlu-” < MB and SV (to stick, knit); changed according to Nûrlâm rules; compare also with LOS “hluth” (flag, banner) and SV “hluthrum” (cloth)
strangle	strakh-	v	SV, HG	transitive
stratagem	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
stretch (to)	bazg-	v	LOS < SV (“hand”. n.)	use with objects in Allative case
strew	bûsn-	v	SV	to move smth./self onto all directions, over huge area, etc. двигать(ся) в разные стороны, по большой территории и т. п.
strike	drîg-	v	NL < Noldorin “dringa” (to beat, strike) < Etym. “DRING”, e.g. in sword name “Glamdring” aka “Foe-hammer”, called “Beater” by goblins; see also “drang”
strike	fulk-	v	HG, probably from SV “flak-” < MERP (to throw) < Albanian
strike	grush-	v	LOS, SV, MERP
strip	gaig-	v	NL, merging “gaith-” (to put) with “hôgh-” (discard); see corresponding articles	add perfective ending “-ûk” for meanings “undress”, “strip”
submit (message)	hîst-	v	LOS; compare with “hîs” (quick)	also “to ship” (e.g. parcel)
support	kôb-	v	NL, merging HG “kûb-” (to keep, store) with Sindarin “heb-” (to keep) < root “KHEP” (to retain, keep)
swaddle	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
swathe	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
sweep (the dust)	bhig-	v	NL < Gnomish “fweg” (broom)
take	nork-	v	LOS
take off (clothes)	gaig-	v	NL, merging “gaith-” (to put) with “hôgh-” (discard); see corresponding articles	add perfective ending “-ûk” for meanings “undress”, “strip”
task	bul	n	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. (AC) “(M)BOL”?
tear	khor-	v	HG < LOS “khûr-” < Middle-Quenya “hyar” (to cleave)?
throttle	strakh-	v	SV, HG	transitive
throw	af-	v	LOS
throw (away)	hôgh-	v	NL < Quenya “hehta”, Telerin “hecta” < root “HEK” (aside, apart, separate); compare with “hîg-”
thrust	hât-	v	NL < SV, MERP “hashat” (spear) + all DBS dialects “shatîg-” (to press, push, weigh down) < MERP, probably from Albanian “shtyj” or Quenya “sahtië” (pressure, forcing); compare with Noldorin “had” (to hurl), Gnomish “hada” (to throw, aim at), “hant” (throw, cast), “hantha” (to fling, hurl), Quenya “hatal” (spear) < Etym. “KHAT” (to hurl)
thud	dramp-	v	Noldorin “dram” (heavy stroke, heavy blow), “drafn” (hewn log) < Etym. “DARÁM” (beat, hew, batter, thud)
tickle	tizg-	v	NL < Gnomish “tisca” < Primitive Elvish root “KITI”
tie	krimp-	v	TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; ? Quenya “remba” (to net, entrap)
toil	draz	n	NL, merging Gnomish “drab”, Noldorin “drauth” < Primitive Elvish “rapa-” (drag, pull) with Noldorin “tars”, “tass” < Etym. “TARAS” (trouble) and with Etym. “TÁRAG”, Primitive Elvish “targâ-” (tough, stiff, difficult)	with suffix “-urm” becomes “tiredness”, “weariness”; uncountable
toil	snag-	v	LOS, see “Snaga”	slang word for hard work
toss	af-	v	LOS
touch	bazg-	v	LOS < SV (“hand”. n.)	use with objects in Allative case
touch	graur-	v	LOS < MB
transmit	hîst-	v	LOS; compare with “hîs” (quick)	also “to ship” (e.g. parcel)
tremble	girth-	v	NL < merging LOS “gûr-” < SV with Noldorin “giri” (to shudder), “girith” (shuddering, horror) < Etym. “GIR” (quiver, shudder)	can be used both transitive and intransitive
tribute	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство
trick	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
turn	nazh-	v	SV “nazh-” (to turn, screw with tools), LOS “naz-” (to spin) < MB; compare with “nazg”
tweak	rikh-	v	NL < Etym. “RIK(H)” (jerk, sudden move, flirt); compare with Quenya “rinca”, “rihta” (to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch), Noldorin “rhinc” (twitch, jerk, trick, sudden move), “rhintha” (to jerk, twitch, snatch)	quick tricky twisting move
twist	krip	n	NL < Qenya “karpale” (a plucking, tucking, wrenching, deceiving, tricking) < early Primitive Elvish root “KṚPṚ” (to pluck)	a deceiving move
twitch	rikh-	v	NL < Etym. “RIK(H)” (jerk, sudden move, flirt); compare with Quenya “rinca”, “rihta” (to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch), Noldorin “rhinc” (twitch, jerk, trick, sudden move), “rhintha” (to jerk, twitch, snatch)	quick tricky twisting move
uncover	badz-	v	LOS < HG; probably from Early Quenya “patsima” (wide open, adj.)
undress	gaig-	v	NL, merging “gaith-” (to put) with “hôgh-” (discard); see corresponding articles	add perfective ending “-ûk” for meanings “undress”, “strip”
upkeep	kôb-	v	NL, merging HG “kûb-” (to keep, store) with Sindarin “heb-” (to keep) < root “KHEP” (to retain, keep)
wash	yol-	v	NL < Sindarin “iôl”	clean with water
wear	kol-	v	LOS (to carry) < Quenya “col-” (to bear, carry, wear)	carry the object, wear a cloth, endure some trouble
weigh down	sang-	v	NL < Quenya “sanga” (crowd, press, throng)(n), “sangië” (necessity, pressure, tribulation), Sindarin “thang” (oppression) < Etym. “STA(N)G” (press)
wind (around)	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
wipe	thig-	v	NL < LOS “thag-” < SV, MERP < Albanian “thaj” (to dry); changed to avoid ambiguity with HORN (“ten”) and DS (“more”) and get rid of Albanian cognate; compare with Gnomish “thisc” (adj), “thista-”, “suitha-” (v); see also “thizg”	clean dry
within (easy) reach	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
within touch	bazgûrz	adj	NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-”	calque of English “handy”
work	bul	n	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. (AC) “(M)BOL”?
work	bul-	v	NL < DS (PO) “bulu” < Quenya “mólë” (n) < Etym. “MBOL”?
work hard	snag-	v	LOS, see “Snaga”	slang word for hard work
wrap	fragh-	v	NL, merging Gnomish “brach” (a shawl, plaid, wrap), “braitha” (to wrap) with Primitive Elvish root “VAẎA” (to enfold)
write	zarb-	v	NL < Khuzdul “ZRB”
yield	throg-	v	NL, merging TK “thrak-” (to bring, drag), NL “thrag-” (to bring, carry), Qenya “toqo-” (to yield, give, bring forth, bear) (mostly about childbirth and harvest), to connect with NL “throk” (food) < SV “throkh-” (to eat)	may refer to childbirth and harvest; indirect object in Dative case в т.ч. приносить урожай, потомство

Nûrlâm –
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Nûrlâm –
Black Speech
dialect wiki