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Accusative case

Accusative case (abbreviated as ACC) is the grammatical case of nouns and pronouns that marks direct object of the verb. This term is used only in Colloquial/Modern Nûrlâm but rarely in Standard language and never in Archaic, where it is called Objective case (see below). Moreover, objective case if formed differently for nouns and pronouns.


Objective case in Archaic Nûrlâm

Direct object of verb in ergative constructions is placed into Absolutive case, but personal pronouns have special form for the role of object/patient. Objective pronouns are have even different position in verb's suffix chain. So these distinct forms of personal pronouns may be either treated as different forms of Absolutive case for transitive and intransitive verbs, or as Subjective and Objective case.

Objective case of nouns and other types of pronouns is used only with antipassive voice. It is formed by adding suffix -ish.


Objective case in Standard Nûrlâm

Separate forms of personal pronouns are inherited from Archaic language, but due to rejection of ergative constructions there is no confusion in terminology. Subjective form is considered Nominative and objective form is called Objective, however they are completely different and still join the verb into different slots.

Nouns in objective/accusative case lose the special suffix -ish and take the same null-ending as Nominative case. However suffix -ish may be used for objective nouns if the sentence is too complex or has non-standard free word order (for example in poetry or stylization into archaic).


Objective case in Modern Nûrlâm

Nouns have completely lost special ending of Accusative/Objective case in colloquial speech. However personal pronouns kept it. Some subdialects even took objective form of personal pronouns as the default nominative. Moreover they have tendency to add noun's objective suffix -ish to them (as well as other case suffixes). But there are a lot of irregularities in pronouns' case form, so consult corresponding page.


See also

case_accusative.1597693269.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/09/07 14:46 (external edit)