It's hard to express thoughts using only present tense of the verbs. You need past tense to talk about things that already happened. To put the verb into the past tense, the suffix -uz- should be inserted between word's root and 3rd person ending. For example:

• af (to throw)
• ak (to stab)
• farb (to chase, hunt)
• fîth (to hold, keep)
• ghur (to die)
• grush (to hit, strike, punch)
• îst (to know)
• kurg (to turn)
• lal (to laugh)
• ont (to count [numbers])
• rong (to dig)
• skûm (to feel smell)
• tail (to play)
• thig (to clean)
• ûs (to think)
• yol (to wash, clean)

Past tense in Nûrlâm also substitutes English Present Perfect tense (actions that already happened but in the still lasting time interval). Example: “The dwarf has just fallen” should be translated as “Gazatum lûmpuzâ ûnarz” (you don't translate “have/has”).

Some adverbs may be helpful in describing the past:

• dok (already, before, previously)
• nokhar (again)
• ûn (new) ⇒ ûnarz (just, recently)

• All lessons
• Lesson "Verbs: commands and imperatives"
• Lesson "Verbs: present tense, 3rd person endings. Simple sentences"
• Lesson "Verbs: aspects"
• Grammar of verbs