If the A. Nemirovsky's hypothesis about connection between Black Speech and Hurrian languages is right then we can assume following things to be typical for early Black Speech:

• The language initially had Ergative alignment with SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) sentence structure;
• Nouns and verbs have numerous grammar forms expressed by long chain of suffixes;
• Postpositions and case suffixes are used instead of prepositions;
• Pronouns are placed after the corresponding word or attached to it as a suffix (or clitic);

Analysis of the Ring Verse inscription, some geographical and personal names gives us such distinct features as:

• Adjectives and other descriptive words are placed after the word they describe, but this rule is not very strict even for Tolkien's sources;
• Nouns do not have plural form, but verbs and pronouns possibly do;

Nûrlâm is considered to exist in time between Classical Black Speech and orcish dialects (Svartiska, Shadowlandian, etc.), and following changes occurred in it:

• Move to Nominative-Accusative alignment with SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) structure, thus copying verb's order of pronominal affixes;
• Restricting number of cases to 15 and make others standalone postpositions;
• Added prefixes and prepositions;

Taking in account rules of other dialects, their real use and common mistakes, modern Black Speech has tendency to copy English grammar and syntax:

• Shift from agglutinative to analytic type of language, replacing long chain of suffixes and clitics with words written separately, which order determines the sense and grammar form;
• Reducing the number of noun cases to 4 or even denying them all;
• Adding category of number for nouns, pronouns and adjectives;
• Pronouns restricted to 2 cases;
• Replacing postpositions with prepositions;
• Adjectives, adverbs, pronouns start being spelled before the words they describe;
• Adding small hints of animacy and gender categories;
• Infinitives merged with gerundives taking suffix -at.

Nûrlâm dialect supports these tendencies too but considering them as colloquial or dialectical.

Below is the comparison chart of some influential Neo Black Speech dialects with Nûrlâm and Tolkien's Black Speech according to their timeline in Middle-Earth history.

While small corpus of Classical Black Speech contains at least two words from Valarin, a mother-tongue of Sauron who was the author of Black Speech, it has also words from various languages of Elves. As it's believed that orcs were made from captured, tortured and corrupted elves (at least until greater Uruk-hai were bred), Elvish influence on languages is obviously natural. So if we group languages or Arda into groups and families as for real ones, Black Speech will definitely belong to Elvish family.

Orcs used Common Speech (Westron) in communication between different breeds and tribes as it stated in LOTR, but no traces of it found in Debased Black Speech, which still has a lot of elvish words.

Angband Orcish of 1st Age appeared before Sauron created Black Speech, and it was almost entirely a corrupted version of Sindarin or more closely it's earlier version (in real-word terms) called Noldorin.

Neo-Black Speech dialects continue to actively borrow words from various elvish languages, however larger part of their Lexicon consists of unique words.