Nûrlâm –
Black Speech
dialect wiki

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tolkien_word_list [2019/08/07 13:58] – morgothtolkien_word_list [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 Articles about sources also provide additional etymology information. Articles about sources also provide additional etymology information.
-Some of stems have unknown meaning but reserved for future extrapolation. Undoubtful words are marked **bold** (not all attested Black Speech roots have clear meaning). While many names of orcs and other evil creatures usually considered Sindarin, other Elvish or Mannish languages, their form is not exactly the same. In example "Balrog" should be "Baulraug" in standard Sindarin while "bal" and "rog" are treated as special forms for compound words. But in [[Nûrlâm]] dialect it's supposed that such words were corrupted by orcs thus becoming Debased Black Speech from which they return back to Elvish tongues. Another example to prove this theory is Classical Black Speech word "Nazgûl" containing Sindarin root "gûl" (//necromancy// or //dark magic// as in Dol Guldur and Minas Morgûl) though with different but related translation ("wraith").+Some of stems have unknown meaning but reserved for future extrapolation. Undoubtful words are marked **bold** (not all attested Black Speech roots have clear meaning). While many names of orcs and other evil creatures usually considered Sindarin, other [[elven_languages|Elvish]] or Mannish languages, their form is not exactly the same. In example "Balrog" should be "Baulraug" in standard Sindarin while "bal" and "rog" are treated as special forms for compound words. But in [[Nûrlâm]] dialect it's supposed that such words were corrupted by orcs thus becoming Debased Black Speech from which they return back to Elvish tongues. Another example to prove this theory is Classical Black Speech word "Nazgûl" containing Sindarin root "gûl" (//necromancy// or //dark magic// as in Dol Guldur and Minas Morgûl) though with different but related translation ("wraith").
  
 ^ Word ^ Language ^ Source ^ Meaning ^ ^ Word ^ Language ^ Source ^ Meaning ^
 | **agh** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **and** | | **agh** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **and** |
 | **ash** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **one** |   | **ash** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **one** |  
-| **-at** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **(infinitive suffix)** |  +| **-at** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **(infinitive/participle/gerund suffix)** |  
 | **Azog** | DBS | TH (PN) | ? | | **Azog** | DBS | TH (PN) | ? |
 | **bag** | DBS | LOTR (OC & PN) | 1) torture (PE)\\ 2) dung (VT)\\ 3) cess (PM) | | **bag** | DBS | LOTR (OC & PN) | 1) torture (PE)\\ 2) dung (VT)\\ 3) cess (PM) |
 | bal | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | many | (divine) power, **might** | | bal | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | many | (divine) power, **might** |
 | **bol** | AO | HOME 3 (PN) | **torment** (LR), cruel | | **bol** | AO | HOME 3 (PN) | **torment** (LR), cruel |
-| **bolg** | DBS | TH (PN) | ?\\ (either shortened form of name //Bol-dog// or //strong// (The History of Hobbit) | +| **Bolg** | DBS | TH (PN) | stong?\\ (either shortened form of name //Bol-dog// or //strong//((The History of Hobbit))) | 
-| **bûb**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (OC) | 1) dung (PE) \\ 2) pig (VT) |+| **bûb**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (OC) | 1) dung, muck (PE) \\ 2) pig (VT) |
 | **bûb-hosh**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (OC) | great (PM) | | **bûb-hosh**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (OC) | great (PM) |
 | //bug//((//Radbug// may be split as //radb-// + //-ug// or //rad// + //bug//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //bug//((//Radbug// may be split as //radb-// + //-ug// or //rad// + //bug//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
-| **bûrz**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **dark** (AA) | +| **bûrz**((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **dark** | 
-| **burzum** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **darkness** | +| **burzum** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **the darkness** | 
 | **dog** | AO | HOME 3 (PN) | **slayer** (LR), warrior | | **dog** | AO | HOME 3 (PN) | **slayer** (LR), warrior |
 | //duf// | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ gloomy (NL) | | //duf// | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ gloomy (NL) |
 | //dug// | DBS | LOTR (OC) | filth (NL) | | //dug// | DBS | LOTR (OC) | filth (NL) |
-| **durb-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **rule** |  +| **durb-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **rule, constrain, force, dominate** |  
 | **dush** | DBS | WJ, WR, SD (PN) | (dark) sorcery (AA) | | **dush** | DBS | WJ, WR, SD (PN) | (dark) sorcery (AA) |
 | gaz | DBS | WR (PN) | ? | | gaz | DBS | WR (PN) | ? |
 | **gash** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **fire** | | **gash** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **fire** |
-| **ghash** | DBS | SD (PN) | **fire** | +| **Ghash** | DBS | SD (PN) | **fire** | 
-| **ghâsh** | CBS | LOTR | **fire** | +| **ghâsh** | DBS, CBS? | LOTR | **fire** | 
-| **gimb-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **find** |  +| **gimb-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **find, seek out, discover** |  
-| **glob** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | 1) filth (PE, VT)\\ 2) fool (PM) |+| **glob** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | 1) filth (PE, VT),\\ 2) foul (PE),\\ 3) fool (PM) |
 | **goi** | DBS | WJ, WR, SD (PN) | city, town with citadel or central watch tower (AA) | | **goi** | DBS | WJ, WR, SD (PN) | city, town with citadel or central watch tower (AA) |
 | **gol** | DBS | HOME 3 (PN) | ? | | **gol** | DBS | HOME 3 (PN) | ? |
 | **golug** | AO | UT | **Noldo elf** | | **golug** | AO | UT | **Noldo elf** |
 | **gor** | AO, DBS((so possibly a CBS word too)) | LOTR and HOME 3 (PN) | violence, impetus, haste, vigor (LR) | | **gor** | AO, DBS((so possibly a CBS word too)) | LOTR and HOME 3 (PN) | violence, impetus, haste, vigor (LR) |
-| //gorb// | DBS | LOTR (PN) | choose (EH) | +| //gorb//((//Gorbag// may be split as //gor-// + //-bag// or //gorb-// + //-ag//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | choose (EH) | 
-| goth | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | LOTR, WR, Silm. (PN) | 1) war, strife, warrior (BOLT II, Gnomish)\\ 2) dread, terror (LR)\\ 3) enemy (Sindarin) | +| //gorg//((//Gorgol// may be split as //gor-// + //-gol// or //gorg-// + //-ol//)) | AO | HOME 3 (PN) | butcher | 
-| //grat//((//Shagrat// may be splitted as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | +| goth [1] | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | LOTR, WR, Silm. (PN) | 1) war, strife, warrior (BOLT II, Gnomish)\\ 2) dread, terror (LR)\\ 3) enemy (Sindarin) | 
-| grish | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |+| goth [2] | AO | LR (The List of Names) | lord, master < Sindarin name "Morgoth" | 
 +| //grat//((//Shagrat// may be split as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | 
 +| grish | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ cut (NL) |
 | **gûl** | CBS | many, PN | **wraith** | | **gûl** | CBS | many, PN | **wraith** |
 +| **-hai** | AO, CBS, DBS | many | **folk, people** |
 | horn | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | horn | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
 | **hosh** | DBS | OC | 1) heap (PE)\\ 2) guts (VT) |  | **hosh** | DBS | OC | 1) heap (PE)\\ 2) guts (VT) | 
 | hûr((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ vigourous, fiery (NL) | | hûr((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ vigourous, fiery (NL) |
-| **ishi** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | 1) **in**\\ 2) inside, within (NL, SV)\\ 3) into, inwards (NL) | +| **ishi** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | 1) **in, inside**\\ 2) within (NL, SV)\\ 3) into, inwards (NL) | 
 | //kha(m)// | DBS((probably some mannish language)) | UT (PN) | ? | | //kha(m)// | DBS((probably some mannish language)) | UT (PN) | ? |
-| **krimp-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **bind** | +| **krimp-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **bind, tie** | 
-| **kû** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **old** |+| **kû** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | old? |
 | lag | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ sword (NL) |   | lag | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ sword (NL) |  
 | **lug**((once spelled also as //Lûg//)) [1] | AO((more like Gnomish word)) | BOLT (PN) | **snake** | | **lug**((once spelled also as //Lûg//)) [1] | AO((more like Gnomish word)) | BOLT (PN) | **snake** |
-| **lug** [2] | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **tower** (AA) |+| **lug** [2] | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **tower, fortress, lock-up, prison** |
 | //lûk//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) ((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //lûk//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) ((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
-| lûn | DBS | WR (PN) | ? |+| lûn | DBS | WR (PN) | ?\\ 1) pale\\ 2) blue |
 | //mau//((may be also //mauh//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ warrior (LOS, NL) | | //mau//((may be also //mauh//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ warrior (LOS, NL) |
-| mog | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | LOTR, WR, Silm. (PN) | 1) hate, hateful, hatred (BOLT II, Gnomish)\\ 2) oppressor, tyrant (LR) |+| mog [1] | CBS((more like Sindarin)) | LOTR, WR, Silm. (PN) | 1) hate, hateful, hatred (BOLT II, Gnomish)\\ 2) oppressor, tyrant (LR) | 
 +| mog [2] | AO | LR (The List of Names) | voice | 
 +| mor | AO | LR (The List of Names) | black, dark < Sindarin name "Morgoth" |
 | //mûl// | DBS((probably some mannish language)) | UT (PN) | ?\\ way (LOS) | | //mûl// | DBS((probably some mannish language)) | UT (PN) | ?\\ way (LOS) |
 | //muz//((may be also //muzg//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //muz//((may be also //muzg//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
 | nâkh((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | nâkh((spelling normalized)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
-| **nazg** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **ring** | +| **nazg** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **(finger-ring)** | 
-| nûzu | DBS | WR (PN) | ? |+| Nûzu | DBS | WR (PN) | ? |
 | **oghor** | AO | UT | **Drúedain** | | **oghor** | AO | UT | **Drúedain** |
 | **olog** | CBS | LOTR | **troll** | | **olog** | CBS | LOTR | **troll** |
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 | //shag//((//Shagrat// may be split as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //shag//((//Shagrat// may be split as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
 | //shagr-//((//Shagrat// may be split as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //shagr-//((//Shagrat// may be split as //shagr-// + //-at// or //sha// + //grat// or //shag// + //rat//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
-| **shara** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **man** |+| shar((//Sharkû// may be split as //shar// + //kû// or //shark// + //kû// or //shara// + //kû//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | man? | 
 +| shark((//Sharkû// may be split as //shar// + //kû// or //shark// + //kû// or //shara// + //kû//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | man? |
 | **skai** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | //(not translatable interjection)// | | **skai** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | //(not translatable interjection)// |
-| **snaga** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **slave**, an orc of lesser breeds |+| **snaga** | DBS | LOTR (PN) | **servant, slave**, an orc of lesser breeds |
 | **tark** | DBS | LOTR | **men of Númenór** | | **tark** | DBS | LOTR | **men of Númenór** |
 | thak | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ face (LOS) | | thak | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ face (LOS) |
-| **thrak-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **bring** | +| **thrak-** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **bring (by force), hale, drag** | 
 | **u** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | **to** |  | **u** | DBS | LOTR (OC) | **to** | 
 | uf | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ horrible, hideous (NL)\\ scary (LOS) | | uf | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ?\\ horrible, hideous (NL)\\ scary (LOS) |
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 | //ug//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //ug//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
 | //ugl//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? | | //ugl//((//Uglûk// may be split as //ugl-// + //-ûk// or //ug// + //lûk//)) | DBS | LOTR (PN) | ? |
-| **-ûk** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | 1) **all**\\ 2) completely, fully (all fan dialects) | +| **-ûk** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **all, completely, totally, fully** | 
 | **-ul** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **them** |   | **-ul** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | **them** |  
-| **-um** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | //(abstract noun suffix)//, **-ness** |+| **-um** | CBS | LOTR (RI) | (**particularizing suffix or 'article'**), //(abstract noun suffix)//, -ness, |
 | **uruk** | CBS | LOTR | **orc** | | **uruk** | CBS | LOTR | **orc** |
 | //yag//((//Yagûl// may be split as //ya// + //gûl// or //yag// + //gûl//)) | DBS | SD, WR (PN) | ? | | //yag//((//Yagûl// may be split as //ya// + //gûl// or //yag// + //gûl//)) | DBS | SD, WR (PN) | ? |
 | zag | DBS | WR (PN) | ? | | zag | DBS | WR (PN) | ? |
 +
 +The Lord of The Rings, The Two Towers, Book 4, Chapter X "The Choices of Master Samwise" contains also untranslated exclamations "nar" and "garn", which become used in Neo-Black Speech with meanings "No" and "Come on!" respectively.
tolkien_word_list.1565175523.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/09/07 15:31 (external edit)
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