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syntax_impersonal [2021/07/04 19:49] – morgoth | syntax_impersonal [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== Impersonal constructions ====== | ====== Impersonal constructions ====== | ||
- | <WRAP center round important 60%>< | + | <WRAP center round important 60%>< |
- | \\ <todo !!> | + | |
- | </ | + | |
| | ||
The sentence, clause or verb are called **// | The sentence, clause or verb are called **// | ||
- | * Action is being done by force of nature or supernatural being: "He was blown away"; | + | * Action is being done by force of nature or supernatural being: "He was blown away" |
- | * Verb expresses the state of being (or it's transformation) of person or animal: " | + | * Verb expresses the state of being (or it's transformation) of person or animal: |
- | * Verb expresses the state of weather: " | + | * Verb expresses the state of weather |
- | * General possibility or allowance to do (or not to do) an action, often used with various //directive [[grammar_mood|modalities]]//: | + | * General possibility or allowance to do (or not to do) an action, often used with various //directive [[grammar_mood|modalities]]//: |
- | * " | + | * " |
The action of impersonal construction is usually expressed by: | The action of impersonal construction is usually expressed by: | ||
* The verb in 3rd person singular (but 3rd person plural is possible if it's known that action was done by group of people or animals); | * The verb in 3rd person singular (but 3rd person plural is possible if it's known that action was done by group of people or animals); | ||
- | * [[syntax_predicate|Compound predicate]]: | + | * [[syntax_predicate|Compound predicate]]: |
- | * Word " | + | * Word " |
- | * [[grammar_infinitive|Infinitive]] or [[grammar_gerundive|Gerundive]]: | + | * [[grammar_infinitive|Infinitive]] or [[grammar_gerundive|Gerundive]]: |
- | * [[modal_verbs|Modal verb]] with infinitive: "(One) may go" = " | + | * [[modal_verbs|Modal verb]] with infinitive: "(One) may go" => "Ilfâ ukhut" = " |
- | * Passive past [[grammar_participle|participle]]: | + | * Passive past [[grammar_participle|participle]] |
- | Patient of impersonal verb is often expressed by noun in [[case_dative|Dative case]], like in German "Mir ist kalt" (literally "to me it's cold") instead of "Ich bin kalt" (" | + | Impersonal clauses often have a shade of passivity and often used instead of [[grammar_voice# |
- | + | ||
- | Impersonal clauses often have a shade of passivity and often used instead of [[grammar_voice# | + | |
English expressions "There is/ | English expressions "There is/ | ||
You can notice that famous " | You can notice that famous " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Grammatical case of objects in impersonal sentences ===== | ||
+ | Patient of impersonal verb is often expressed by noun in [[case_dative|Dative case]], like in German "Mir ist kalt" (literally "to me it's cold") instead of "Ich bin kalt" (" | ||
+ | |||
+ | The grammatical case of object of impersonal sentences depends on context. **// | ||
+ |