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--- syntax_adverbials [2020/08/22 11:28] – morgoth
+++ syntax_adverbials [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Adverbial phrase may be expressed by:
-  * [[grammar_adverb|Adverb]];
+  * [[grammar_adverb|Adverb]]: "He fought <wrap dashed_underline>vigorously</wrap>" => "Tamaukuz <wrap dashed_underline>hûrarz</wrap>";
-  * Noun in one of [[locative cases]] or noun with locative adposition;
+  * Noun in one of [[case_locative|locative cases]]: "He fought <wrap dashed_underline>inside the building</wrap>" => "Tamaukuz <wrap dashed_underline>tumbambum**or**</wrap>";
-  * Noun with [[adpositions|adposition]] expressing time;
+  * Noun with [[adpositions|adposition]] expressing time or place: "He fought <wrap dashed_underline>in front of the gates</wrap>" => "Tamaukuz <wrap dashed_underline>hûmob **ik**</wrap>";
-  * Noun in [[case_instrumental|instrumental case]];
+  * Noun in one of marginal case: [[case_instrumental|instrumental]], [[case_comitative|comitative]] or [[case_essive|essive]]: "Dragon was killed <wrap dashed_underline>by humans</wrap>" => "Lûg kuzâ dogaga <wrap dashed_underline>tark**irzi**</wrap>";
-  * Noun in [[case_comitative|comitative case]];
+  * [[proform|Pro-adverb]]: "He won <wrap dashed_underline>somehow</wrap>" => "Tafaikuz <wrap dashed_underline>mûdarz</wrap>";
-  * [[proform|Pro-adverb]];
+  * Distributive numerals: "They were killed <wrap dashed_underline>one by one</wrap>" => "Tak kuz dogaga <wrap dashed_underline>ash**irzi**</wrap>";
-  * [[grammar_participle|Participle]] with optional dependent words;
+  * [[grammar_participle|Participle]] with optional dependent words: "Orc was singing a song <wrap dashed_underline>being executed by elves</wrap>" => "Uruk lashuzâ ash laush <wrap dashed_underline>dûmb**ag** golugirzi</wrap>";
-  * Dependent clause
+  * Dependent clause: "He was sitting on the throne <wrap dashed_underline>when they came in</wrap>" => "Taduzuz daulîmir <wrap dashed_underline>amil takshiskuz</wrap>".
-<WRAP center round todo 60%>
-<todo>Examples needed</todo>
-</WRAP>
 ----------------------
 ===== Word order =====
-Typically adverbials follow the word they modify, however adverbials which modify adjective may precede it (specially in colloquial speech). If there are many adverbials modifying the same member of sentence, their order is the following:
+Typically adverbials follow the word they modify, however adverbials which modify adjective may precede it (specially in colloquial speech). If the verb has several adverbials, they may be split -- some precede the verb, while others follow it, but otherwise adverbial's word order is:
-  - Place (where?)
-  - Manner (how? why?)
+^ Position((relative to main word)) ^ 1  ^ 2  ^ 3  ^ Example ^
-  - Time (when?)
+^ preceeding/split | Time (when?) | Manner (how? why?) | Place (where?) | Ârshik tadoguz ash lûg ulsarz Ashûk Urunir = lit. "Yesterday he killed a dragon easily at the Lonely Mountain" |
+^ following  | Place (where?) | Manner (how? why?) | Time (when?) | Tadoguz ash lûg Ashûk Urunir ulsarz ârshik = lit. "He killed a dragon at the Lonely Mountain easily yesterday" |
+When adverbial phrase consists of more than one word it is often shifted to the end of sequence of adverbials: "Tadoguz ash lûg ulsarz ârshik Ashûk Urunir" (lit. "He killed a dragon easily yesterday at the Lonely Mountain").
-<WRAP center round todo 60%>
-<todo>Example needed</todo>
-</WRAP>

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