Nûrlâm –
Black Speech
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interjections [2020/08/25 23:06] – [Interjections in Neo Black Speech] morgothinterjections [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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   * responses (like "okay", "hmm", "huh?")   * responses (like "okay", "hmm", "huh?")
   * filler words (words that have meaning but being used to break the flow of speech absolutely unnecessary)   * filler words (words that have meaning but being used to break the flow of speech absolutely unnecessary)
 +
 +Most of these applications are called [[syntax_parenthesis|parenthesis]] is syntax.
  
 In sum, this lexical category includes words belonging only to it, as well as other parts of speech (verbs, adverbs, nouns) when used as interjections. In sum, this lexical category includes words belonging only to it, as well as other parts of speech (verbs, adverbs, nouns) when used as interjections.
  
 +---------------------------------------------------
 ===== Interjections in Tolkien's Black Speech ===== ===== Interjections in Tolkien's Black Speech =====
 The following unique interjections occur in The Lord of the Rings book throughout conversations of orcs: The following unique interjections occur in The Lord of the Rings book throughout conversations of orcs:
  
 ^ Interjection ^ Source ^ Meaning((mostly fan-made)) ^ ^ Interjection ^ Source ^ Meaning((mostly fan-made)) ^
-| garn | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | LOS: "go on!", "come on!" |+| ai | LOTR, TT, Book 3, Chapter III | LOS, HG: hey! | 
 +| ar | LOTR, ROTK, Book 6, Chapter II | | 
 +| garn | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X and ROTK, Book 6, Chapter II | LOS: "go on!", "come on!" | 
 +| hai | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | | 
 +| harri | TH, Chapter VI and LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | | 
 +| hoi | TH, Chapter VI and LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | | 
 +| hola | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | |
 | nar | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | AN: transformed into negative particle "no", "not", which was later used in Neo Black Speech (including Nûrlâm) both as stand-alone word and prefix/clitic | | nar | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | AN: transformed into negative particle "no", "not", which was later used in Neo Black Speech (including Nûrlâm) both as stand-alone word and prefix/clitic |
 | sha | [[Orcish curse]] | the meaning was changed into preposition "with" in later translations of Orcish curse by Tolkien | | sha | [[Orcish curse]] | the meaning was changed into preposition "with" in later translations of Orcish curse by Tolkien |
 | skai | [[Orcish curse]] | TK: "gah!"\\ fans (SV, RE): "damn!", "curse!", "shit!" | | skai | [[Orcish curse]] | TK: "gah!"\\ fans (SV, RE): "damn!", "curse!", "shit!" |
 +| ya | TH, Chapter VI and LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | |
 +| yoi | LOTR, TT, Book 4, Chapter X | |
  
 Please note that meanings of these words were extrapolated by fans, not by Tolkien himself, who left them untranslated. Please note that meanings of these words were extrapolated by fans, not by Tolkien himself, who left them untranslated.
  
 +There are also some universal interjections attested, like "ah", "shh", "grr".
 +
 +---------------------------------------------
 ===== Interjections in Neo Black Speech ===== ===== Interjections in Neo Black Speech =====
 The following interjections were added in various [[black_speech_dialects|Neo Black Speech dialects]]: The following interjections were added in various [[black_speech_dialects|Neo Black Speech dialects]]:
  
 ^ Interjection ^ Dialect ^ Translation ^ ^ Interjection ^ Dialect ^ Translation ^
-| ai | LOS, HG | hey! |+| akh | LOS | "agree", "yes", "yep", "aye"; \\ in LOS "akh-" is proper verb with meaning "agree", which is used instead of English affirmative interjection/particle "yes" |
 | bhog | HG > LOS | "all right!", "okay", "well";\\ in LOS "bhogad" is used as interjection, while "bhog" is proper adjective/adverb ("good", "well");\\ proper word in Nûrlâm, still may be used as exclamation, but not as pure interjection | | bhog | HG > LOS | "all right!", "okay", "well";\\ in LOS "bhogad" is used as interjection, while "bhog" is proper adjective/adverb ("good", "well");\\ proper word in Nûrlâm, still may be used as exclamation, but not as pure interjection |
 | brosh | SV, all major dialects | hi!, hey!, hello! | | brosh | SV, all major dialects | hi!, hey!, hello! |
interjections.1598385995.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/09/07 14:48 (external edit)
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