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grammar_gerundive [2021/07/01 21:49] – [Gerundive] morgoth | grammar_gerundive [2023/08/05 18:52] – khul => khûl morgoth | ||
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====== Gerundive ====== | ====== Gerundive ====== | ||
For many years in various [[black_speech_dialects|Neo Black Speech dialects]] suffix //-at// was used for [[grammar_infinitive|infinitives]], | For many years in various [[black_speech_dialects|Neo Black Speech dialects]] suffix //-at// was used for [[grammar_infinitive|infinitives]], | ||
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In Latin **// | In Latin **// | ||
- | [[Nûrlâm]]' | + | [[Nûrlâm]]' |
So functions of gerundive in Black Speech and it's translations include: | So functions of gerundive in Black Speech and it's translations include: | ||
- expressing intention or purpose: | - expressing intention or purpose: | ||
- " | - " | ||
- | - infinitive of purpose or Latin' | + | - infinitive of purpose or Latin' |
- passive infinitive (" | - passive infinitive (" | ||
- | - English future (perfect) continuous tense or expressions like "going to", "about to" + infinitive. " | + | - expressions like "going to", "about to" + infinitive: " |
- necessity: | - necessity: | ||
- verb " | - verb " | ||
- | - necessitative modality (similar to subjunctive mood) after impersonal constructions (like " | + | - necessitative modality (similar to subjunctive mood) after impersonal constructions (like " |
- | - [[syntax_impersonal|impersonal sentences]] (like " | + | - [[syntax_impersonal|impersonal sentences]] (like " |
- | - verbal adjective (like " | + | - verbal adjective (like " |
- | - jussive modality (similar to imperative mood) in dependent clause after 3rd person orders using such verbs as " | + | - jussive modality (similar to imperative mood) in dependent clause after 3rd person orders using such verbs as " |
- | - in questions after " | + | - in questions after " |
- | - future | + | - future passive |
+ | - English future (perfect) continuous tense: "Dakub gorgat ash golug" => "I will have been butchering an elf". | ||
As it is seen in Ring Inscription, | As it is seen in Ring Inscription, | ||
- | Gerundives do not take case endings. Gerundives rarely used as predicative in Nûrlâm except verb " | + | Gerundives do not take case endings. Gerundives rarely used as predicative in Nûrlâm except verb " |
+ | |||
+ | ^ The form of verb " | ||
+ | | Past (kuz) | intention or purpose in the past: "I was going to kill a dragon" | ||
+ | | ::: | necessisty in the past: "It was necessary to kill him" => "Kuzâ bolkarz dogatan" | ||
+ | | Present (kul) | in most cases, especially descriptive function | | ||
+ | | Future (kub) | future passive: "It will be done" => "Kubâ krampat" | ||
+ | | ::: | future (perfect) continuous: "Next month, the war will have been lasting for 13 years" => "Shi shilab gothum kubâ frunat furn nukrig lau" | | ||
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