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case_genitive [2021/06/01 20:07] – [Functions of Genitive case] morgoth | case_genitive [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== Genitive case ====== | ====== Genitive case ====== | ||
- | **// | + | **// |
===== Functions of Genitive case ===== | ===== Functions of Genitive case ===== | ||
Typical functions of Genitive case in [[Nûrlâm]] include: | Typical functions of Genitive case in [[Nûrlâm]] include: | ||
- | * Possession or ownership (// | + | * Possession or ownership (// |
* Origin or ancestry (pure Genitive): "orcs of Mordor" | * Origin or ancestry (pure Genitive): "orcs of Mordor" | ||
* Relationship of objects (" | * Relationship of objects (" | ||
* Description or explanation of noun with another noun (" | * Description or explanation of noun with another noun (" | ||
- | * Material or source (" | + | * Material or source (" |
- | * Reason (" | + | * Reason (" |
* Forensic/ | * Forensic/ | ||
* with verbal nouns and participles: | * with verbal nouns and participles: | ||
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* Comparisons (after adjective in comparative form): " | * Comparisons (after adjective in comparative form): " | ||
* Abundance or shortage: " | * Abundance or shortage: " | ||
- | * Absence of something (in negative impersonal sentences): "There is no life here" = "Nar kîb__ob__ zin"; | + | * [[syntax_absence|Absence]] of something (usually |
* // | * // | ||
* element of set: "group of men" = "shalk tark__ob__", | * element of set: "group of men" = "shalk tark__ob__", | ||
* part of bigger object: "a piece of meat" = "ash naht âps__ob__", | * part of bigger object: "a piece of meat" = "ash naht âps__ob__", | ||
- | * substance: "wheel of cheese" | + | * substance: "wheel of cheese" |
* fractions: "half of orcs" = "pir uruk__ob__", | * fractions: "half of orcs" = "pir uruk__ob__", | ||
- | * set or exact quantity: "three of orcs" = "krig uruk__ob__" | + | * set or exact quantity: "three of orcs" = "krig uruk__ob__" |
- | * together with [[proform|indefinite pronouns]] and quantifiers to mark uncertain number from zero to all members of set/group: "many of them" = "mak tak__ob__", | + | * together with [[proform|indefinite pronouns]] and quantifiers to mark uncertain number from zero to all members of set/group: "many of them" = "mak tak__ob__", |
* to mark objects of certain verbs; | * to mark objects of certain verbs; | ||
* with certain [[adpositions]] (" | * with certain [[adpositions]] (" | ||
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===== Genitive versus Ablative and Elative case ===== | ===== Genitive versus Ablative and Elative case ===== | ||
- | In many languages Genitive has functions of [[case_locative# | + | In many languages Genitive has functions of [[case_locative# |
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