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case_comitative [2021/08/13 20:16] – [Comitative case] morgoth | case_comitative [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== Comitative case ====== | ====== Comitative case ====== | ||
- | **// | + | **// |
* to mark companion of an action: " | * to mark companion of an action: " | ||
* to mark two patients of an action: "Put Uglûk together with stinking Saruman-filth into the dung-pit" | * to mark two patients of an action: "Put Uglûk together with stinking Saruman-filth into the dung-pit" | ||
- | * to mark presence/ | ||
- | * with certain verbs, usually concerning speech: "he talks with orcs" = " | ||
* invitation to do an action together: "Go with me" = "ukh da__sha__", | * invitation to do an action together: "Go with me" = "ukh da__sha__", | ||
+ | * to mark the object that is [[syntax_possession|possessed]] by subject or another object: "orc with a knife" = "uruk kirm__sha__" | ||
+ | * to mark that object is filled with another objects of substance: " | ||
+ | * to describe absence of object together with negative particle " | ||
+ | * to describe the subject or object with another noun, that is (not) it's part: "Kolk kulâ zân unral__sha__nar" | ||
+ | * to describe that action is done with (or without) some emotion or quality: "Dog bal__sha__" | ||
+ | * to mark the object that is present/ | ||
+ | * to mark grammatical object that has grammatical subject in close proximity: "Kirm (kulâ) ta__sha__" | ||
+ | * with certain verbs, usually concerning speech with multiple objects (similar to second point): "he talks with orcs" = " | ||
* marks simultaneous action if time is expressed with noun or pronoun: " | * marks simultaneous action if time is expressed with noun or pronoun: " | ||