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--- morphology [2022/03/19 19:02] – [Compound words] morgoth
+++ morphology [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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   * When joining adjective with noun, adjective should go after a noun, like in //Lugbûrz// (where //lug// = tower and //bûrz// = dark).
   * When joining two nouns, modifier should precedes main word. Examples are //Nazgûl// (from //nazg// = ring and //gûl// = wraith), //Dushgoi// (from //dush// = sorcery and //goi// = city, citadel), //bûb-hosh// (//bûb// = pig, //hosh// = guts).
+Pattern "noun + noun" is preferrable when making new words, for example, if you want for some reason to translate the word "dinosaur" into Nûrlâm from Greek ("terrible/fearsome reptile"), it's better use two nouns "Dread-dragon" ("Gozdlûg", "Ufurlûg") or "Might-dragon" ("Balûg"), than noun with adjective to distinguish it from just "scary/terrible/mighty dragon" ("Lûguf", "Lûggoth", "Lûgbhau", "Lûgbolg").
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 ===== Morphological typology of Nûrlâm ======
-Black Speech is considered an //agglutinative// synthetic language, as well as elvish Quenya. In pure agglutinative language each inflectional morpheme should carry information on one grammatical category only, and each grammatical category should be expressed with same affix for different parts of speech (lexical category). //Classical Black Speech// can be analyzed also as //polysynthetic// language where one long word may be translated into a whole sentence of typical fusional language or several words belonging to distinct lexical categories  (e.g. word "durbatulûk" = "to rule them all"). [[Nûrlâm]] has also some traces of //fusional// language for example in [[grammar_participle|participle]] suffixes, standalone personal pronouns' inflection and phonetical merging of adjacent [[phonology|sounds]] which makes it harder to divide suffixes in chain one from another or from word's root. Colloquial //Debased Black Speech// spoken by orcs in "The Lord of the Rings" belongs more to [[syntax_analytic|analytical]] language where [[grammar]] is expressed through [[Syntax|word order]]. The shift from agglutination to analyticness occured through influence of other tongues (Sindarin, various mannish languages) and separation of clitics used for grammatical purposes from root words in colloquial speech.
+Black Speech is considered an //agglutinative// synthetic language, as well as elvish Quenya. In pure agglutinative language each inflectional morpheme should carry information on one grammatical category only, and each grammatical category should be expressed with same affix for different parts of speech (lexical category). //Classical Black Speech// can be analyzed also as //polysynthetic// language where one long word may be translated into a whole sentence of typical fusional language or several words belonging to distinct lexical categories  (e.g. word "durbatulûk" = "to rule them all" and many compound words like "Nazgûl", "Lugbúrz", "Dushgoi", etc.) [[Nûrlâm]] has also some traces of //fusional// language for example in [[grammar_participle|participle]] suffixes, standalone personal pronouns' inflection and phonetical merging of adjacent [[phonology|sounds]] which makes it harder to divide suffixes in chain one from another or from word's root. Colloquial //Debased Black Speech// spoken by orcs in "The Lord of the Rings" belongs more to [[syntax_analytic|analytical]] language where [[grammar]] is expressed through [[Syntax|word order]]. The shift from agglutination to analyticness occured through influence of other tongues (Sindarin, various mannish languages) and separation of clitics used for grammatical purposes from root words in colloquial speech.
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Nûrlâm –Black Speech dialect wiki

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Nûrlâm –
Black Speech
dialect wiki