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====== Hurrian hypothesis ====== | ====== Hurrian hypothesis ====== | ||
- | Russian historian [[Alexandre Nemirovsky]] proposed a hypothesis that [[black_speech|Classical Black Speech]] was based on extinct Hurrian language. This idea is controversial but it became popular among Black Speech researchers. | + | Russian historian [[Alexandre Nemirovsky]] proposed a hypothesis that [[black_speech|Classical Black Speech]] was based on extinct Hurrian language. This idea is controversial but it became popular among Black Speech researchers. Nemirovsky' |
- | ===== Pros ===== | + | |
+ | ===== Arguments ===== | ||
+ | Nemirovsky provides following arguments (taken from his personal site, since 2007, translated and <wrap gray> | ||
+ | - There is a case system exists; cases are expressed with postpositions, | ||
+ | - Comparison of Ring Inscription' | ||
+ | - Correspondence of 4-times repeated formant " | ||
+ | - Rendering of verbal forms with infinitive seems reflect personless character of Mordor' | ||
+ | - As we can see, verbal forms in Black Speech are built with agglutination, | ||
+ | - Mordorish word " | ||
+ | |||
+ | Mordor' | ||
+ | |||
+ | However accidental comparison of Black Speech and Hurrian language of real-world Hurro-Urartian subgroup of Nakh-Daghestanian branch of East Caucasian sub-family gave surprising results <wrap gray> | ||
+ | - Hurrian language is exactly agglutinative ergative language with rich case system expressed by postpositions. Modal verbs in Hurrian do not agree with subject in person, but may include object marker. Hurrian do not have grammatical gender <wrap gray> | ||
+ | - Nominal and verbal roots look the same and are composed on similar <wrap gray> | ||
+ | - Below is comparison chart of known Black Speech words and morphemes with known Hurro-Urartian correlations <wrap gray> | ||
+ | - Some names from Black Speech can be perfectly <wrap gray>too strong word for vague similiraties</ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^ Black Speech ^ Translation ^ Hurrian ^ | ||
+ | | ash | one | Urartian " | ||
+ | | durb- | to rule, manage, control, judge | " | ||
+ | | at | (formant of some mood, probably desiderative in future tense) | -ed \\ <wrap gray>in other sources transcribed also as " | ||
+ | | ul | they, them | -l(la) | | ||
+ | | uk | fully, completely (formant of final action) | -ok-, verbal formant of affirmative/ | ||
+ | | gimb- | find, catch | ki(b), "take, put, gather" | ||
+ | | thrak- | bring, get, achieve, obtain | thar-(ik-), "to demand" | ||
+ | | agh | and | Urartian postposition " | ||
+ | | burz- | dark | " | ||
+ | | krimp- | tie | " | ||
+ | |||
+ | <wrap gray> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ------------------------- | ||
+ | ===== Pros and Cons ===== | ||
+ | Below are summarized remarks about Nemirovsky' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Pros ==== | ||
- Percentage of similarities is surprisingly high for such small corpus | - Percentage of similarities is surprisingly high for such small corpus | ||
- | - Unlike other theories concerning Black Speech, pointed out similarities look legal | + | - Unlike other theories concerning Black Speech |
+ | - Some of assumptions were closer to J.R.R. Tolkien' | ||
- | ===== Cons ===== | + | ==== Cons ==== |
- We don't know for sure if J.R.R. Tolkien was familiar with E.A. Speiser' | - We don't know for sure if J.R.R. Tolkien was familiar with E.A. Speiser' | ||
- | - There is too little attested words both in Black Speech and Hurrian/ | + | - There are too little attested words both in Black Speech and Hurrian/ |
+ | - There is no trace of ergative alignment in known Black Speech or Orcish corpus. | ||
+ | - Some of semantic connections are too vague or based on inaccurate/ | ||
- Nemirovsky cites some words not attested in other sources | - Nemirovsky cites some words not attested in other sources | ||
- Half of words are actually Urartian, a related language of the same language family | - Half of words are actually Urartian, a related language of the same language family | ||
+ | ----------------- | ||
===== Links ===== | ===== Links ===== | ||
* [[https:// | * [[https:// | ||
* [[https:// | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[http:// | ||
+ | * [[ring-verse|Ring Inscription]] | ||
+ | * [[personal_names|Personal names]] |