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grammar_tense [2020/02/12 18:22] – [In Nûrlâm] morgoth | grammar_tense [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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**Grammatical tense** expresses location in time of events described in sentence relative to the moment of speaking and affects form of verbs and participles. In this article only verbs will be discussed. | **Grammatical tense** expresses location in time of events described in sentence relative to the moment of speaking and affects form of verbs and participles. In this article only verbs will be discussed. | ||
- | While traditional studies of English language name 12 tenses, in modern science only 3 basic tenses are distinguished (past, present and future) and others are considered various //aspects// of verbs (indefinite, | + | While traditional studies of English language name 12 tenses, in modern science only 3 basic tenses are distinguished (past, present and future) and others are considered various //aspects// of verbs (indefinite, |
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===== In Nûrlâm ===== | ===== In Nûrlâm ===== | ||
- | Nûrlâm distinguishes only 3 tenses: Past, Present and Future used exactly as their names suggest. So the closest examples from real world are Slavic languages. Hurrian language, by which Black Speech probably was inspired, also is similar in tenses (however it's verb grammar is far more complex and not fully deciphered yet). Various forms of English tenses are expressed by [[grammar_aspect|aspect]] in Nûrlâm, however Present Perfect is always translated as Past tense and Present Perfect Continuous can be translated either as Present | + | Nûrlâm distinguishes only 3 tenses: Past, Present and Future used exactly as their names suggest. So the closest examples from real world are Slavic languages. |
==== Suffix table ==== | ==== Suffix table ==== | ||
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Verb's tense suffixes are added just right after the root before any other suffixes. | Verb's tense suffixes are added just right after the root before any other suffixes. | ||
+ | Suffix //-ulg// of [[mood_subjunctive|Subjunctive]] [[grammar_mood|mood]] may be treated as special Future-in-the-past tense. [[grammar_gerundive|Gerundives]] may carry functions of future passive tense. | ||
==== Participles ==== | ==== Participles ==== | ||
- | Participles have only two tenses: Present and Past (Perfect), but also have //voice//. See corresponding article about them. | + | Participles have only two tenses: Present and Past (Perfect), but also have //voice//. See corresponding |
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