Nûrlâm –
Black Speech
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grammar_numerals [2022/02/14 20:39] – morgothgrammar_numerals [2023/09/29 12:11] (current) – [Forming of numbers greater than 10] morgoth
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 Numbers in Black Speech have no inflection in case or any other grammar form. However some case suffixes have special meaning (see below). They can be used alone without noun in place of subject or object.  Numbers in Black Speech have no inflection in case or any other grammar form. However some case suffixes have special meaning (see below). They can be used alone without noun in place of subject or object. 
  
-Numerals precede nouns even in [[black_speech|Classical Black Speech]] ([[ring-verse|"ash nazg …"]]). As you can see, numerals require Nominative or Accusative case (unlike Russian or Finnish which require genitive and partitive case). However it's recommended to place numbers //after// noun if it contains [[clitics|clitic]] case [[adpositions|postpositions]]. In other words numerals generally precede subjects and objects in accusative but follow objects in other cases.+Numerals precede nouns even in [[black_speech|Classical Black Speech]] ([[ring-verse|"ash nazg …"]]). As you can see, numerals require Nominative or Accusative case (unlike Russian or Finnish which require genitive and partitive case accordingly). However it's recommended to place numbers //after// noun if it contains [[clitics|clitic]] case [[adpositions|postpositions]]. In other words numerals generally precede subjects and objects in accusative but follow objects in other cases.
  
 Nûrlâm uses decimal numeral system (10 as base) as in majority of real world and in Sindarin language. Quenya has duodecimal system (base 12), but there is no reason to copy this feature, archaic for Middle-Earth, into Black Speech. Nûrlâm uses decimal numeral system (10 as base) as in majority of real world and in Sindarin language. Quenya has duodecimal system (base 12), but there is no reason to copy this feature, archaic for Middle-Earth, into Black Speech.
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 Numbers from 11 to 19 are formed as //nu(k)//<digit> with //-k-// at the joint of the words being often reduced for better pronunciation. 11 and 12 have no special words. Numbers from 11 to 19 are formed as //nu(k)//<digit> with //-k-// at the joint of the words being often reduced for better pronunciation. 11 and 12 have no special words.
    
-^ Number       | 11     | 12     | 13     | 14      | 15      | 16     | 17      | 18      | 19       | +^ Number | 11     | 12     | 13     | 14      | 15      | 16     | 17      | 18      | 19       | 
-^ Black Speech | nukash | nukrul | nukrig | nukhant | nukrâk  | nukink | nukudug | nuskri | nukrith |+^ Nûrlâm | nukash | nukrul | nukrig | nukhant | nukrâk  | nukink | nukudug | nuskri | nukrith |
  
 Multiples of ten are formed as <multiplier>//nuk//: Multiples of ten are formed as <multiplier>//nuk//:
-^ Number       | 20      | 30       | 40       | 50      | 60     | 70      | 80      | 90       | +^ Number | 20      | 30       | 40       | 50      | 60     | 70      | 80      | 90       | 
-^ Black Speech | krulnuk | krignuk  | hantnuk  | krâknuk | inknuk | udugnuk | skrinuk | krithnuk |+^ Nûrlâm | krulnuk | krignuk  | hantnuk  | krâknuk | inknuk | udugnuk | skrinuk | krithnuk |
  
 Hundreds are formed regularily as <multiplier>//tusk//. Similarly thousands are made as <multiplier>//mink//. Millions can be expressed as <multiplier>//minkmink// (lit. thousands of thousand). The word "agh" (and) separates every exponent of ten. Hundreds are formed regularily as <multiplier>//tusk//. Similarly thousands are made as <multiplier>//mink//. Millions can be expressed as <multiplier>//minkmink// (lit. thousands of thousand). The word "agh" (and) separates every exponent of ten.
grammar_numerals.1644860350.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/09/07 14:48 (external edit)
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