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grammar_adjective [2019/07/30 23:29] – [Grammar of adjectives] morgoth | grammar_adjective [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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- short single-syllable adjectives, often attached to the words they describe; | - short single-syllable adjectives, often attached to the words they describe; | ||
- polysyllable adjectives written separately; | - polysyllable adjectives written separately; | ||
- | - formed from other words by adding suffix // | + | - formed from other words (mostly nouns) |
- | Usually languages with extensive inflection of [[grammar_noun|nouns]] have adjectives agreed with nouns in [[grammar_case|case]], | + | Usually languages with extensive inflection of [[grammar_noun|nouns]] have adjectives agreed with nouns in [[grammar_case|case]], |
- | In example, short adjective //kû// (old) attached to noun of 1st declension class, e.g. //orn// (tree), makes the resulting word belonging to 2nd declension class. If short adjective is written separately then it has no agreement in case with noun, the same as long adjectives. Short adjectives are written separately if they describe the same word, especially when joined by word " | + | In example, short adjective //kû// (old) attached to noun of 1st declension class, e.g. //orn// (tree), makes the resulting word belonging to 2nd declension class. If short adjective is written separately then it has no agreement in case with noun, the same as long adjectives. |
^ noun ^ adjective | ^ noun ^ adjective | ||
| orn | //(none)// | -u | -z | ornuz | towards the trees | | | orn | //(none)// | -u | -z | ornuz | towards the trees | | ||
| orn | kû | -zu | -z | ornkûzuz | towards old trees | | | orn | kû | -zu | -z | ornkûzuz | towards old trees | | ||
- | | orn | prazgûrz | + | | orn | nirgûrz |
| olog | kû | -∅ | -∅ | olog kû | old troll(s) | | | olog | kû | -∅ | -∅ | olog kû | old troll(s) | | ||
| golug | kû | -∅ | -û/z | golugû kûz | old elves | | | golug | kû | -∅ | -û/z | golugû kûz | old elves | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Keep in mind, that suffix //-ûrz// is supposed to form adjectives from nouns. Verbal adjectives (like English " | ||
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^ normal ^ comparative form ^ superlative form ^ | ^ normal ^ comparative form ^ superlative form ^ | ||
- | | gaz (little) | gaz**ar** (smaller) | gaz**az** (the smallest, least) | | + | | mik (little) | mik**ar** (smaller) | mik**az** (the smallest, least) | |
| kûz (old, //pl.//) | kû**zar**û (older) | kû**zaz**û (eldest) | | | kûz (old, //pl.//) | kû**zar**û (older) | kû**zaz**û (eldest) | | ||
| dulgûrz | | dulgûrz | ||
- | Comparative form is often used with conjunction //snû// (than) + <word in // | + | Comparative form is often used with conjunction //snû// (than) + <word in // |
+ | |||
+ | ------------------------ | ||
+ | ===== Suffix order ===== | ||
+ | {{page> | ||
---------------------- | ---------------------- | ||
===== Word order ===== | ===== Word order ===== | ||
- | While [[black_speech_dialects# | + | While [[black_speech_dialects# |
+ | |||
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