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cirth [2022/03/27 17:36] – morgoth | cirth [2024/04/27 17:47] (current) – long e: for English morgoth | ||
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**// | **// | ||
- | >The Cirth in their older and simpler form spread eastward in the Second Age, and **became known** to many peoples, to Men and Dwarves, and **even to Orcs**, all of whom altered them to suit their purposes and according to their skill or lack of it. (LOTR III, Appendix E, II: Writing, p. 1468) | + | >The Cirth in their older and simpler form spread eastward in the Second Age, and **became known** to many peoples, to Men and Dwarves, and **even to Orcs**, all of whom altered them to suit their purposes and according to their skill or lack of it. (LOTR III, Appendix E, II: Writing) |
- | But in the chapter "The Departure of Boromir" | + | > Then Nár turned the head [//of Thrór//] and saw branded on the brow **in dwarf-runes** so that he could read it the name **AZOG**. (LOTR III, Appendix A, III: Durin' |
+ | |||
+ | But in the chapter "The Departure of Boromir" | ||
>on the front of their iron helms was set an S-rune, wrought of some white metal. | >on the front of their iron helms was set an S-rune, wrought of some white metal. | ||
> | > | ||
> | > | ||
> | > | ||
- | So I assume, that Cirth was used by Westron-speaking orcs of Misty Mountains and Isengard (‘S is for Saruman, I guess,’ - said Aragorn later). | + | So I assume, that Cirth was used by Westron-speaking orcs of Misty Mountains |
Westron used a variant of Cirth called " | Westron used a variant of Cirth called " | ||
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While orcs probably used simplified Angerthas Erebor variant for their Debased Black Speech and Westron-Orkish pidgins, older versions contain runes better suitable for Classical Black Speech [[phonology|phonetics]], | While orcs probably used simplified Angerthas Erebor variant for their Debased Black Speech and Westron-Orkish pidgins, older versions contain runes better suitable for Classical Black Speech [[phonology|phonetics]], | ||
* Additional runes have very different meaning in various versions of Cirth; | * Additional runes have very different meaning in various versions of Cirth; | ||
- | * Black Speech have a large number of consonant clusters, there is no reason for making separate runes for only few of them; | + | * Black Speech have a large number of consonant clusters, there is no reason for making separate runes for only few of them, especially when the most frequent one //rz// is missing anyway; |
* Not all fonts have additional runes; | * Not all fonts have additional runes; | ||
[[## | [[## | ||
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ Daeron\\ (default) | + | ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ ::: ^ Daeron\\ (default) |
- | ^ Main series | + | ^ Main series |
- | ^ 1 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 1 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 2 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 2 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 3 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 3 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 4 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 4 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 5 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 5 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 6 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 6 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 7 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 7 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 8 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 8 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 9 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 9 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 10 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 10 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 11 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 11 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 12 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 12 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 13 | <wrap cirthe>#</ | + | ^ 13 | <wrap cirthe>#</ |
- | ^ 14 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 14 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 15 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 15 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 16 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 16 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 17 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 17 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 18 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 18 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 19 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 19 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 20 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 20 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 21 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 21 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 22 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 22 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 23 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 23 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 24 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 24 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 25 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 25 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 26 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 26 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 27 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 27 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 28 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 28 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 29 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 29 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 30 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 30 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 31 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 31 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 31((doubled ligature)) | <wrap cirthe>:</ | + | ^ 31((doubled ligature)) | <wrap cirthe>:</ |
- | ^ 32 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 32 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 33 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 33 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 33*((see also #70)) | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 33*((see also #70)) | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 34 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 34 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 35 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 35 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 36 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 36 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 37 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 37 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 38 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 38 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 38* | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 38* | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 38%%**%% | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 38%%**%% | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 39 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 39 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 40 | <wrap cirthe>;</ | + | ^ 40 | <wrap cirthe>;</ |
- | ^ 41 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 41 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 42 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 42 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 43 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 43 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 44 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 44 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 45 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 45 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 45* | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 45* | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 46 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 46 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 47 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 47 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 48 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 48 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 49 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 49 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 50 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 50 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 51 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 51 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 51* | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 51* | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 52 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 52 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 52* | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 52* | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 53 | <wrap cirthe>,</ | + | ^ 53 | <wrap cirthe>,</ |
- | ^ 54 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 54 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 55 | <wrap cirthe>/</ | + | ^ 55 | <wrap cirthe>/</ |
- | ^ 55* | <wrap cirthe>></ | + | ^ 55* | <wrap cirthe>></ |
- | ^ 56 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 56 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 56* | <wrap cirthe>?</ | + | ^ 56* | <wrap cirthe>?</ |
- | ^ 57 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 57 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 58 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 58 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 59 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 59 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 60 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 60 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ Long series (additional cirth) | + | ^ Long series (additional cirth) |
- | ^ 61 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 61 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 62 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 62 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 63 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 63 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 64 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 64 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 65 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 65 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 66 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 66 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 67 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 67 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 68 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 68 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 69 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 69 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 70((see #33*)) | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 70((see #33*)) | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 71 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 71 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 75 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 75 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 76 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 76 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 77 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 77 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 78 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 78 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 79 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 79 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 80 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 80 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 81 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 81 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 83 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 82 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 84 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 83 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 85 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 84 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ 85 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 86 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) |
- | ^ 87 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 86 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 88 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 87 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 89 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 88 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 90 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 89 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 92 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 90 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 93 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 92 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 94 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 93 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 95 | <wrap cirthe>&</ | + | ^ 94 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 96 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 95 | <wrap cirthe>&</ |
- | ^ 97 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 96 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 98 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 97 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 99 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 98 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ 100 | <wrap cirthe> | + | ^ 99 | <wrap cirthe> |
- | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | + | ^ 100 | <wrap cirthe> |
+ | ^ № ^ Certh\\ (Rune) | ||
==== Diacritics ==== | ==== Diacritics ==== | ||
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* [[wp> | * [[wp> | ||
* [[tg> | * [[tg> | ||
- | * [[http:// | + | * [[http:// |
* [[https:// | * [[https:// | ||
* [[Tengwar]] | * [[Tengwar]] |