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case_locative [2022/02/02 22:33] – [Locative cases] morgoth | case_locative [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== Locative cases ====== | ====== Locative cases ====== | ||
- | [[Nûrlâm]] has a group of [[grammar_case|grammatical cases]] intended for marking locations and directions of movement. They are collectively called **// | + | [[Nûrlâm]] has a group of [[grammar_case|grammatical cases]] intended for marking locations and directions of movement |
{{page> | {{page> | ||
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* from the top of object, like falling: "He fell off the cliff" = " | * from the top of object, like falling: "He fell off the cliff" = " | ||
* from outside of object: "He came out of this place" = " | * from outside of object: "He came out of this place" = " | ||
- | * old owner of direct object, including taking off objects (clothes, tools, weapons) from body or hands to other surfaces or persons: "I took ring off his body" = " | + | * old owner of direct object, including taking off objects (clothes, tools, weapons) from body or hands to other surfaces or persons: "I took ring off his body" = " |
* long distance from object (including static position) together with postposition " | * long distance from object (including static position) together with postposition " | ||
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* motion of subject without leaving the surface (or top) of the object: "A louse is crawling on my skin" = "Ash abh smûghâ daft**ir** dab"; | * motion of subject without leaving the surface (or top) of the object: "A louse is crawling on my skin" = "Ash abh smûghâ daft**ir** dab"; | ||
* location on the road, street (including address), shore, bank of the river, etc.: "He lives on the streets" | * location on the road, street (including address), shore, bank of the river, etc.: "He lives on the streets" | ||
- | * position on the level/floor of the building or dungeon: " | + | * position on the level/floor of the building or dungeon: " |
* position in close proximity of the object, together with postposition " | * position in close proximity of the object, together with postposition " | ||
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* the same with further clarification or accentuation with postposition " | * the same with further clarification or accentuation with postposition " | ||
* place of work: "I work in the stone pits" = "Dabul gundronk**or**"; | * place of work: "I work in the stone pits" = "Dabul gundronk**or**"; | ||
+ | * in expressions like "good at", " | ||
* with impersonal constructions of possession like "There are 6 teeth in Gollum' | * with impersonal constructions of possession like "There are 6 teeth in Gollum' | ||
* to express location that is part of bigger object (similar to previous example): "with hate in his heart" = " | * to express location that is part of bigger object (similar to previous example): "with hate in his heart" = " | ||
- | Inessive case is **not** used for indicating purpose or receiving a benefit ("in order to" - gerundive; "in memory of", "in loving memory" | + | Inessive case is **not** used for indicating purpose or receiving a benefit ("in order to" |
===== Intrative case ===== | ===== Intrative case ===== |