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--- case_accusative [2021/03/13 18:11] – morgoth
+++ case_accusative [2023/09/07 19:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ====== Accusative case ======
-<WRAP center round alert 60%>
+**//Accusative case//** ([[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as ACC) is the [[grammar_case|grammatical case]] of [[grammar_noun|nouns]] and [[pronouns]] that marks direct [[syntax_object|object]] of the [[grammar_verb|verb]]. This term is used only in Colloquial/Modern [[Nûrlâm]] but rarely in Standard language where it is called **//Objective case//** (see below). Moreover, objective case if formed differently for nouns and pronouns. As the objective/accusative form of pronouns is irregular, please consult articles about [[pronouns#case_forms_of_pronouns|pronouns]] or [[grammar_case#case_forms_of_pronouns|cases]] for further information.
-<todo>remove ergative syntax references</todo>
-</WRAP>
-**//Accusative case//** ([[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as ACC) is the [[grammar_case|grammatical case]] of [[grammar_noun|nouns]] and [[pronouns]] that marks direct [[syntax_object|object]] of the [[grammar_verb|verb]]. This term is used only in Colloquial/Modern [[Nûrlâm]] but rarely in Standard language and never in Archaic, where it is called **//Objective case//** (see below). Moreover, objective case if formed differently for nouns and pronouns.
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-====== Objective case in Archaic Nûrlâm ======
-Direct object of verb in ergative constructions is placed into Absolutive case, but personal pronouns have special form for the role of object/patient. Objective pronouns are have even different position in [[grammar_verb#suffix_chain|verb's suffix chain]]. So these distinct forms of personal pronouns may be either treated as different forms of Absolutive case for transitive and intransitive verbs, or as Subjective and Objective case.
-**//Objective case//** of nouns and other types of pronouns is used only with [[syntax_ergative#antipassive_constructions|antipassive]] voice. It is formed by adding suffix //-ish//.
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 ====== Objective case in Standard Nûrlâm ======
-Separate forms of personal pronouns are inherited from Archaic language, but due to rejection of ergative constructions there is no confusion in terminology. Subjective form is considered Nominative and objective form is called Objective, however they are completely different and still join the verb into different slots.
+The term **//Objective case//** is used because personal pronouns have distinct form when used as objects of sentence. Subjective form is considered Nominative and objective form is called Objective, however they are completely different and still join the verb into different slots.
-Nouns in objective/accusative case lose the special suffix //-ish// and take the same null-ending as Nominative case.  However suffix //-ish// may be used for objective nouns if the sentence is too complex or has non-standard free word order (for example in poetry or stylization into archaic).
+Nouns in objective/accusative case are formed by suffix //-ish//, but this suffix is considered [[archaic_style|archaic]]. Even in Standard language nouns lost this ending in favor of same null-ending as Nominative case.  However suffix //-ish// may be still used for objective nouns if the sentence is too complex or has non-standard free word order (for example in poetry).
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 ====== Objective case in Modern Nûrlâm ======
-Nouns have completely lost special ending of Accusative/Objective case in colloquial speech. However personal pronouns kept it. Some subdialects even took objective form of personal pronouns as the default nominative. Moreover they have tendency to add noun's objective suffix //-ish// to them (as well as other case suffixes). But there are a lot of irregularities in pronouns' case form, so consult corresponding page.
+Nouns have completely lost special ending of Accusative/Objective case in colloquial speech. However personal pronouns kept it. Some subdialects even took objective form of personal pronouns as the default nominative. Moreover they have tendency to add old noun's objective suffix //-ish// to them (as well as other case suffixes). But there are a lot of irregularities in pronouns' case form, so consult corresponding pages.
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 ====== See also ======
-  * [[case_nominative|Nominative & Absolutive case]];
+  * [[case_nominative|Nominative case]];
-  * [[case_ergative|Ergative case]];
   * [[pronouns#personal_pronouns|Personal pronouns]]

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