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====== First Age Orcish ====== | ====== First Age Orcish ====== | ||
- | **//Angband Orcish//** (often [[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as " | + | **//Angband Orcish//** (often [[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as " |
Orquin, or Orquian, the language of the Orcs, | Orquin, or Orquian, the language of the Orcs, | ||
the soldiers and creatures of Morgoth, | the soldiers and creatures of Morgoth, | ||
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of the Orcs and of the Dwarves; | of the Orcs and of the Dwarves; | ||
- | But it also stated there, these languages were changing fast, and men actively adopt languages of Elves when find each other and start cultural relationship. So modern (read 3rd age) mannish tongues don't contain | + | But it also stated there, these languages were changing fast, and men actively adopt languages of Elves when find each other and start cultural relationship. So modern (read 3rd age) mannish tongues don't contain |
The Orcs were first bred by the Dark Power of the North in | The Orcs were first bred by the Dark Power of the North in | ||
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===== Angband Orcish and Black Speech ===== | ===== Angband Orcish and Black Speech ===== | ||
- | One may ask, why to include words into black speech from Angband Orcish, which is unrelated language. Majority of linguists consider orcish names from 1st age as Sindarin. | + | One may ask, why to include words into black speech from Angband Orcish, which is unrelated language. Majority of linguists consider orcish names from 1st age as Sindarin. |
**1.** Many orcish names differ from standard Sindarin words: | **1.** Many orcish names differ from standard Sindarin words: | ||
^ AO or BS ^ Proper Sindarin/ | ^ AO or BS ^ Proper Sindarin/ | ||
- | | Balrog | S.: Bâl-raug | Demon of might,\\ Power Demon | | | + | | Balrog | S.: Bâl-raug | Demon of might,\\ Power Demon | It was initially intended to be a pure Orcish word, but was quickly changed into Noldorin with elvish etymology |
| Boldog | S. & N.: Baul-daug | Torment warrior | " | | Boldog | S. & N.: Baul-daug | Torment warrior | " | ||
| ::: | N.: Balc-daug\\ S.: Balch-daug | Cruel slayer | ::: | | | ::: | N.: Balc-daug\\ S.: Balch-daug | Cruel slayer | ::: | | ||
| golug | S. & N.: golodh | Noldo elf, one of the wise folk | from same root ÑGOL as " | | golug | S. & N.: golodh | Noldo elf, one of the wise folk | from same root ÑGOL as " | ||
- | | Gor- in names Gorbag, Gorgol | Etym.: GOR | violence, impetus, haste | looks like " | + | | Gor- in names Gorbag, Gorgol | Etym.: GOR | violence, impetus, haste | looks like " |
| ::: | S.: gorn | hasty, vigorous, impetuous | ::: | | | ::: | S.: gorn | hasty, vigorous, impetuous | ::: | | ||
| ::: | S.: gorf | impetus | ::: | | | ::: | S.: gorf | impetus | ::: | | ||
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**Cons:** these words are included in Sindarin too, with the same form in compound words, maybe there are special rules on combining words. | **Cons:** these words are included in Sindarin too, with the same form in compound words, maybe there are special rules on combining words. | ||
- | **Pro:** these compound words refer to evil creatures, so they may be borrowed back into Sindarin. Why many forms with " | + | **Pro:** these compound words refer to evil creatures |
**Cons:** some other names are clearly pure Elvish origin. | **Cons:** some other names are clearly pure Elvish origin. | ||
- | \\ **2.** Some orcish words of 1st age do not have clear etymology from elvish languages like " | + | \\ **2.** Some orcish words of 1st age do not have clear etymology from elvish languages like " |
- | \\ **3.** Some names and their parts occur both in 1st age an 3rd age: Goth**mog** (1st age Balrog, 3rd age Nazgul) and Gaz**mog** (3rd age orc), **Gor**gol (1st age) and **Gor**bag (3rd age), **Lug** (1st age) and **Lug**bûrz, | + | \\ **3.** Some names and their parts occur both in 1st age an 3rd age: Goth**mog** (1st age Balrog, 3rd age Nazgul) and Gaz**mog** (3rd age orc), **Gor**gol (1st age) and **Gor**bag (3rd age), **Lug** (1st age) and **Lug**bûrz, |
**Cons:** both " | **Cons:** both " | ||
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^ CBS words with confirmed Elvish etymology: | durb- (tur-), gûl (S), uruk (ÓROK, Q orco, Q urco, S orch, RUK, S urug) | | ^ CBS words with confirmed Elvish etymology: | durb- (tur-), gûl (S), uruk (ÓROK, Q orco, Q urco, S orch, RUK, S urug) | | ||
^ DBS words with confirmed Elvish etymology: | tark (Q Tarcil, TUR, KHIL) | | ^ DBS words with confirmed Elvish etymology: | tark (Q Tarcil, TUR, KHIL) | | ||
- | ^ CBS words with possible Elvish etymology: | bûrz (N maur, S mor), gimb- (Q hir), -ishi (Q -ssë), thrak- (TUK), olog (Ilk. olg, ulgundo, ÚLUG) | | + | ^ CBS words with possible Elvish etymology: | bûrz (N maur, S mor), gimb- (Q hir), -ishi (Q -ssë), thrak- (TUK), olog (Ilk. olg, ulgundo, ÚLUG) | |
| Orcish names with very possible Elvish etymology: | Grishnâkh (KIRIS, NAK, MAGH), Mauhûr (Q mahtar, N hûr) | | | Orcish names with very possible Elvish etymology: | Grishnâkh (KIRIS, NAK, MAGH), Mauhûr (Q mahtar, N hûr) | | ||
| DBS words with possible Elvish etymology: | bag (WAGH, N baul, ÑGWAL), ronk (Q ringwë, Q rondo, N rhond, N rhonn, ROD) | | | DBS words with possible Elvish etymology: | bag (WAGH, N baul, ÑGWAL), ronk (Q ringwë, Q rondo, N rhond, N rhonn, ROD) | | ||
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**Pro:** Both languages borrows from Elvish heavily. | **Pro:** Both languages borrows from Elvish heavily. | ||
- | **Cons:** It seems CBS prefers to take words from more archaic Quenya and Valarin rather than from Sindarin as older 1st age " | + | **Cons:** It seems newer CBS prefers to take words from more archaic Quenya and Valarin rather than from Sindarin as older 1st age " |
\\ **Conclusion: | \\ **Conclusion: |