Wordlist: unique to Arda and Middle-Earth

This page will contain list of words unique to Middle-Earth or whole Arda. Names of races, people and places are presented on separate pages (see list at the bottom of this page).

English	Nûrlâm	Part of speech	Etymology	Comments
(dark) sorcery	dush	n	TK, DBS, WJ, WR, SD, “Dushgoi” (Minas Morgul), AA translates as “dark sorcery” = Sindarin “Morgul”; ? Valarin “dušamanûðân” (marred) ? Sindarin “dûr” (dark) as in “gûldûr” (dark sorcery)	uncountable
(evil/black) magic	dush	n	TK, DBS, WJ, WR, SD, “Dushgoi” (Minas Morgul), AA translates as “dark sorcery” = Sindarin “Morgul”; ? Valarin “dušamanûðân” (marred) ? Sindarin “dûr” (dark) as in “gûldûr” (dark sorcery)	uncountable
(healing herb)	arnpâth	n	NL, literally “king leaf”, see “arn”, “pâth”
(one of orcish tribes in 1st Age)	gong	n	TK, AO, HOME 1 (BOLT 1), GL (PE 11)	associated with “false-fairies”, so may be tribe of orcs made from corrupted minor spirits, in oppose to majority of orcs believed to be made from elves
Arda	thard	n	NL < Valarin “Aþāraphelūn” (lit. “appointed dwelling”) + Quenya “Arda”
athelas	arnpâth	n	NL, literally “king leaf”, see “arn”, “pâth”
Beater	Drîgal	n	NL < Noldorin “dringa” (to beat, strike) < Etym. “DRING”, e.g. in sword name “Glamdring” aka “Foe-hammer”, called “Beater” by goblins; see also “drang”	name of the sword of Gandalf
Biter	Nâkhâl	n	NL, lit. “biter”; see “nâkh-”	name of the sword of Thorin
body	turm	n	MERP	more like scientific “physical form”, “physical body”, or religious “incarnation”, like Quenya “hröa”
boginka	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
craban	krag	n	LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia	sound-imitating word
crebain	krag	n	LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia	sound-imitating word
crow	krag	n	LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia	sound-imitating word
demon	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
demon	rog	n	TK, AO, CBS; Sindarin “rog”, Noldorin “raug” < Etym. “RUK”	any hostile spirit (Maia) of monstrous form (non-humanoid and not usual animal shaped)
dryad	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
Earth	thard	n	NL < Valarin “Aþāraphelūn” (lit. “appointed dwelling”) + Quenya “Arda”
elephant	mûnk	n	LP < Easterling “mûmak”
fairy	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
fay	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
fell-beast	bolbork	n	NL, see “bol”, “bork”; literal translation	beast of winged Nazgûl
fellowship	shaukurm	n	LOS “shaûk” (companion) < HG; lit. “with all”
fiend	rog	n	TK, AO, CBS; Sindarin “rog”, Noldorin “raug” < Etym. “RUK”	any hostile spirit (Maia) of monstrous form (non-humanoid and not usual animal shaped)
Foe-hammer	Drîgal	n	NL < Noldorin “dringa” (to beat, strike) < Etym. “DRING”, e.g. in sword name “Glamdring” aka “Foe-hammer”, called “Beater” by goblins; see also “drang”	name of the sword of Gandalf
Glamdring	Drîgal	n	NL < Noldorin “dringa” (to beat, strike) < Etym. “DRING”, e.g. in sword name “Glamdring” aka “Foe-hammer”, called “Beater” by goblins; see also “drang”	name of the sword of Gandalf
Goblin-cleaver	Nâkhâl	n	NL, lit. “biter”; see “nâkh-”	name of the sword of Thorin
god	Balmâgz	n	see “bal”, “mâgz”	epithetic name, lit. “lords or divine power”
huldr	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
imp	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
kelpie	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
kingsfoil	arnpâth	n	NL, literally “king leaf”, see “arn”, “pâth”
maia	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
maia	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
mavka	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
melusine	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
merfolk	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
mermaid	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
mithril	thîribir	n	NL, lit. “light silver” (see “thîr”, “ibir”), compare with Noldorin “thilevril” (true-silver) < Etym. “THIL” (shine of silver, white light, moon light), “RIL” (glitter) and probably Noldorin “er” (one, alone)	uncountable
mûmak	mûnk	n	LP < Easterling “mûmak”
naiad	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
navi	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
navka	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
necromancy	dush	n	TK, DBS, WJ, WR, SD, “Dushgoi” (Minas Morgul), AA translates as “dark sorcery” = Sindarin “Morgul”; ? Valarin “dušamanûðân” (marred) ? Sindarin “dûr” (dark) as in “gûldûr” (dark sorcery)	uncountable
nixie	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
nymph	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
oliphaunt	mûnk	n	LP < Easterling “mûmak”
Orcrist	Nâkhâl	n	NL, lit. “biter”; see “nâkh-”	name of the sword of Thorin
phantom	gûl	n	TK, CBS, “Nazgûl” (ringwraith), PN “Yagûl”; Sindarin “gul”, “gûl” (evil knowledge, magic, sorcery, necromancy) < Etym. “ÑGOL” (wisdom); in 1970s Tolkien changed his mind and separated etymology of Sindarin “gûl” from “ÑGOL” (wise < dark brown as name of Noldo elves) to “ÑGUL” (sinister dark)	probably not only “wraith”, but any (undead) servant of Sauron
physical form	turm	n	MERP	more like scientific “physical form”, “physical body”, or religious “incarnation”, like Quenya “hröa”
raven	krag	n	LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia	sound-imitating word
rusalka	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
samodiva	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
Saruman	Sharkû	n	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN; lit. “Old Man”	a moniker of Saruman
satyr	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
Sharkey	Sharkû	n	TK, DBS, LOTR, PN; lit. “Old Man”	a moniker of Saruman
Silmaril	Shilbrîdh	n	NL, calque from early Qenya translation of Silmaril as “Moon-Pearl”; see “shil”, “brîdh”
Silmaril	Shilmirnrulz	n	NL, calque from Etym. roots “SIL” (shine), “MIR” (jewel, treasure), “RIL” (brilliance, glitter); see “shil”, “mirn”, “rulz”; lit. “Moon treasure glitter”	hard to pronounce, not recommended
Silmaril	Silbrulz	n	NL, lit. “Crystal glitter”, dervied from the same Etym. roots “SIL”, “RIL” as original name; see “silb”, “rulz”
siren	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
soul	haug	n	NL, “hrau” (flesh) > “haur” > “haug” < ZA “hug” (mind, sense) and HG “hudh” (heart, soul, spirit), both from SV “hugi” (mind, spirit, soul, sense); compare also with Quenya “hó”, Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow)	Soul of the living being. Synonym to Quenya “fëa”
spirit	haug	n	NL, “hrau” (flesh) > “haur” > “haug” < ZA “hug” (mind, sense) and HG “hudh” (heart, soul, spirit), both from SV “hugi” (mind, spirit, soul, sense); compare also with Quenya “hó”, Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow)	Soul of the living being. Synonym to Quenya “fëa”
spirit	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
sprite	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
The Great Eye	Bhahontum	expr	NL, literal translation, see “bha”, “hont”	epithetic name of Sauron прозвище Саурона
undine	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
Vala®	Balmâgz	n	see “bal”, “mâgz”	epithetic name, lit. “lords or divine power”
vila	hûb	n	NL < Sindarin “hû” (spirit, shadow) < Primitive Elvish “hyōba”; compare with “haug” (soul)	in Nûrlâm any lesser spirits (Maiar), usually in humanoid or animal form; some prefix usually added to clarify the meaning, in analogy with Balrog (mighty demon), e.g. “karsh-hûb” (sea-spirit) (probably will be merged as “karshûb” in Colloquial speech)
warg	hîrg	n	NL, merging “hîg-” (to banish, exile, outlaw) with “harg” (wolf) in analogy with transformation of Old Norse “vargr” (wolf) into Old English “wearg”, “wearh” (outlaw, criminal)	a race of especially evil wolfs used as mount animal by orcs
witchcraft	dush	n	TK, DBS, WJ, WR, SD, “Dushgoi” (Minas Morgul), AA translates as “dark sorcery” = Sindarin “Morgul”; ? Valarin “dušamanûðân” (marred) ? Sindarin “dûr” (dark) as in “gûldûr” (dark sorcery)	uncountable
world	thard	n	NL < Valarin “Aþāraphelūn” (lit. “appointed dwelling”) + Quenya “Arda”
wraith	gûl	n	TK, CBS, “Nazgûl” (ringwraith), PN “Yagûl”; Sindarin “gul”, “gûl” (evil knowledge, magic, sorcery, necromancy) < Etym. “ÑGOL” (wisdom); in 1970s Tolkien changed his mind and separated etymology of Sindarin “gûl” from “ÑGOL” (wise < dark brown as name of Noldo elves) to “ÑGUL” (sinister dark)	probably not only “wraith”, but any (undead) servant of Sauron

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